An electronic device may include a display, a communication circuit, at least one camera, a memory, and a processor operatively connected to the display, the communication circuit, the at least one camera, and the memory. The memory may store instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to provide an augmented reality (AR) environment or a virtual reality (VR) environment through the display, connect the electronic device and at least one external electronic device through the communication circuit, display the at least one external electronic device through the display, specify a first external electronic device among the displayed at least one external electronic device based on an input interface switching event, and control an operation of the electronic device in the augmented reality environment or the virtual reality environment using the specified first external electronic device.