According to one embodiment, a cooling device includes a flow path configured to flow a refrigerant, a condenser provided in the flow path, a heat exchanger provided in the flow path, a compressor provided in the flow path between the condenser and the heat exchanger, a cooler cooling the refrigerant flowing from the condenser into the heat exchanger, a gas cooling part supplying a gas to the heat exchanger, and configured to cool the gas by exchanging heat with the refrigerant, a first thermometer configured to detect a temperature of the cooled gas, a second thermometer configured to detect a temperature of the refrigerant flowing into the heat exchanger, and a first controller configured to control the temperature of the cooled refrigerant flowing into the heat exchanger by the cooler. The first controller controls the temperature of the cooled refrigerant by switching a first control and a second control.