A water- and oil-repellent agent is an aqueous emulsion containing:(I) a fluorine-containing copolymer, (II) a surfactant, and (III) an aqueous medium. The fluorine-containing copolymer contains repeating units derived from (a) a fluorine-containing monomer containing a fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and (b) a fluorine-free monomer selected from the group consisting of vinyl halide and vinylidene halide, wherein the fluorine-containing copolymer has a melt viscosity of 1,000 to 100,000 cP at a temperature of 100° C. under a load of 25 kgf/cm2.