A lab-on-a-chip (LOC) device for detecting pathogens in a biological sample, the LOC device having an inlet for receiving the sample, a supporting substrate, a dialysis section for separating pathogens from larger constituents in the sample, a lysis section downstream of the dialysis section for lysing the pathogens to release genetic material therein, the lysis section having a lysis chamber and a heater for lysing the pathogens while the sample is in the lysis chamber, a first nucleic acid amplification section downstream of the lysis section for amplifying first nucleic acid sequences in the genetic material, and, a second nucleic acid amplification section downstream of the first nucleic acid amplification section for amplifying second nucleic acid sequences in the amplicon from the first nucleic acid amplification section, wherein, the dialysis section, the lysis section, the first nucleic acid amplification section and the second nucleic acid amplification section are all supported on the supporting substrate.