A filter device may include a filter unit including a first electrode and a second electrode that are arranged so as to be spaced apart and opposite to each other. At least one of the first and second electrodes may include an electrode material layer that is electrically conductive. The electrode material layer may include a metal-adsorbing material (metal adsorbent). A voltage applier for applying voltage to the first electrode and the second electrode for a desired amount of time based on the conditions after operation of the filter unit, and a method for driving the same.