A wireless power transmission and charging system, and a communication method of the wireless power transmission and charging system are provided. According to a general aspect, a communication method of a wireless power transmission and charging system may include: switching from a standby mode to a detection mode in response to activation of a charging start element or a detection of a target device by a sensor; transmitting a wake-up power and a wake-up request message to at least one target device in the detection mode; receiving an acknowledge (ACK) message from the target device in response to the wake-up request message, and determining a number of target devices based on the ACK message; and transmitting a charging power to the target device to which the control ID is assigned.