Disclosed are aqueous coating compositions comprising at least one hydroxyl-containing compound (A), at least one compound (B) having isocyanate groups and also having hydrolyzable silane groups, and at least one catalyst (C)wherein the compound (B) has 10 mol % to less than 90 mol % of at least one structural unit (I) —N(X—SiR″x(OR′)3-x)n(X′—SiR″y(OR′)3-y)m  (I) Where R′=hydrogen, alkyl or cycloalkyl, X, X′=linear and/or branched alkylene or cycloalkylene radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, R″=alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl, n=0 to 2, m=0 to 2, m+n=2, and x, y=0 to 2, and more than 10 to 90 mol % of at least one structural unit (II) —Z—(X—SiR″x(OR′)3-x) (II), where Z=—NH—, —NR—, —O— or —S—, where R=alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl, and x, X, R′ and R″ have the definition indicated for formula (I).