An electromagnetic wave shielding sheet including a carbon composite fiber and manufactured by electrospinning, and a method of manufacturing the same are disclosed. More particularly, an electromagnetic wave shielding sheet includes a carbon composite fiber having a core-shell structure and a resin, and the core-shell structure includes an outer shell including a carbon fiber, and a core including metal nano particles arranged in a length direction of the carbon fiber in the outer shell. The electromagnetic wave shielding sheet includes metal nano particles as electromagnetic wave shielding materials in a carbon fiber, and the oxidation of a metal may be prevented, conductivity in a length direction of the carbon fiber may be secured, and the sheet may be applied to various industrial fields as an electromagnetic shielding material.