The present technology relates to a receiving device, a receiving method, a transmitting device, and a transmitting method that enable operation of subtitles to be displayed in a superimposed manner on broadcast content reliably.The receiving device acquires trigger information for providing a function relating to subtitles, the trigger information including location information by which a resource on the Internet is identifiable; acquires subtitle information including a document relating to subtitles described in a predetermined computer language, on the basis of the location information included in the trigger information; and controls displaying of the subtitles on the basis of at least one of the trigger information and the subtitle information. The present technology is applicable to a television receiver capable of receiving digital broadcast signals, for example.