The present disclosure provides a method and a device for controlling an operation state of a data center. The method includes: calculating operating parameters at an optimal operation state point of the data center in a current outdoor environment condition via an operation state model of the data center according to service requirements of an IT equipment side and tolerable conditions of indoor environment; sending the operating parameters at the optimal operation state point of the data center to the data center, such that the data center operates according to the operating parameters at the optimal operation state point of the data center.