An optical communication method is an optical communication method for performing optical communication with a light-emitting device serving as a communication target. The optical communication method includes: a first step of reading information relating to a distance to the light-emitting device and information relating to a size of a light-emitting region included in the light-emitting device, the information relating to the distance and the information relating to the size being stored in advance; a second step of controlling an imaging range of a camera based on the information relating to the distance and the information relating to the size, the camera capturing an image of light from the light-emitting device; and a third step of extracting a signal from light emitted from the light-emitting device based on image data that the camera has captured in the imaging range.