The present invention removes, by a preprocessing unit, harmful chemical materials and radioactive materials supplied to a positive pressure chamber and a negative pressure chamber and supplies same, removes contaminants discharged to the outside from the negative pressure chamber and sterilizes bacteria and floating viruses and discharges same, and adjusts, by a control circuit of a control panel, the rotating speed (RPM) of an air supply/discharge fan and adjusts the opening rate of an electric damper according to data that is measured in a pressure sensor provided in a space in which the positive pressure and the negative pressure are to be maintained and is transmitted in real time.