Thermal management systems having pre-stressed biasing elements and related methods are disclosed. An example electronic component includes a circuit board, a processor coupled to the circuit board, and a thermally conductive structure positioned adjacent the processor. The thermally conductive structure is to dissipate heat generated by the processor. The electronic component includes a pre-stressed biasing element coupled to the thermally conductive structure and positioned between the processor and the thermally conductive structure. The pre-stressed biasing element is pre-stressed prior to attachment to the thermally conductive structure and the circuit board.