A transport device includes a transport belt, an abutting unit, a moving mechanism, and a displacement detection unit. The transport belt has an adhesive layer capable of adhering to a medium, and is capable of transporting the medium adhering to the adhesive layer. The abutting unit is capable of abutting against a surface of the adhesive layer. It is assumed that a direction in which the abutting unit is away from the adhesive layer is a first direction and a direction opposite thereto is a second direction. The moving mechanism is capable of moving a position of the abutting unit with respect to the surface in the first direction and the second direction. The displacement detection unit detects a displacement amount of the transport belt in the first direction when the moving mechanism moves the abutting unit in the first direction while the abutting unit abuts against the surface.