A rotary compressor may include a casing, a cylinder, a main bearing, a sub bearing, a rotational shaft, a roller having at least one vane slot and a back pressure chamber, and at least one vane. The roller may include at least one spring insertion groove formed in an inner end portion of the at least one vane slot in a lengthwise direction of the at least one vane slot, and a vane spring that supports a rear surface of the vane toward an inner circumferential surface of the cylinder may be disposed in the at least one spring insertion groove. Accordingly, elastic force may be supplied to the rear surface of the vane, to suppress or prevent trembling of the vane caused while the vane passes through a proximal portion during operation.