In a manufacturing method of an electrode structure of an embodiment, in a belt-like member in which an uncoated region not coated with an active material-containing layer is formed in one of long edges and its vicinity in a current collector, the active material-containing layer is rolled, and a tension in a longitudinal direction is applied to the belt-like member between a pulling unit pulling the belt-like member and a rolling unit rolling the active material-containing layer. In the method, the uncoated region is pushed by a projection projecting to an outer peripheral side in a roller between the rolling unit and the pulling unit, thereby enlarging the uncoated region in the longitudinal direction. A projection length of the projection to the projection end is larger than the thickness of the rolled active material-containing layer.