A battery heating apparatus includes a voltage transformation module and a control module. The voltage transformation module includes a first voltage transformation circuit configured to connect a charging apparatus, a first switch module connected to the first voltage transformation circuit, a second voltage transformation circuit configured to connect a power battery, and an energy storage element and a second switch module connected to the second voltage transformation circuit. The control module is configured to, in a first heating mode, control the first switch module to turn off the first voltage transformation circuit, and control the second switch module so that the second voltage transformation circuit and the energy storage element form a loop for discharging from the power battery to the energy storage element and a loop for charging the power battery by the energy storage element, for heating the power battery during discharging and charging.