The preparation of poly(arylene ether ketones) by Friedel-Crafts polymerization, in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst and a diluent, is conducted under conditions in which the polymer and/or its complex with the catalyst is suspended in the diluent during at least part of the polyreaction mixture if desired. The dispersant may be a polymer or an organic compound containing at least eight carbon atoms and is preferably a Lewis base. The dispersant preferably contains at least one molecular segment substantially compatible with the poly(arylene ether ketone) or its complex with the Lewis acid and substantially incompatible with the diluent and at least one molecular segment substantially compatible with the diluent and substantially incompatible with the poly(arylene ether ketone) or its complex with the Lewis acid.