A system for measuring flow information of a fluid, the system includes a light emission control unit for passing an X-ray through a specimen only at desired moments; a scintillator installed on an axis of a beam to convert an X-ray wavelength flow image, which is generated while the X-ray passes through the specimen, into a visible wavelength flow image; and a recording device for acquiring a flow image focused on the scintillator. The system may further include a synchronization unit for synchronizing the recording device with the light emission control unit to acquire two or more flow images at a predetermined interval using the recording device; and a PIV velocity field measurement unit for extracting quantitative flow information from the two or more flow images acquired by the recording device.