Provided is a polarization division multiplexed optical OFDM transmitter. The polarization division multiplexed optical OFDM transmitter includes a data demultiplexer, a training symbol generation unit and an optical up-converter and polarization division multiplexing unit. The data demultiplexer divides a transmission signal into a plurality of groups. The training symbol generation unit allocates a plurality of training symbols for each OFDM data which is included in the respective multiplexed groups, and allocates repetitive data in a time domain for the respective training symbols for data of 0 to periodically appear for the respective training symbols in a frequency domain. The optical up-converter and polarization division multiplexing unit performs optical frequency band conversion and polarization division multiplexing on an output of the training symbol generation unit to output a polarization division multiplexed optical OFDM signal corresponding to a plurality of polarization components.