A semiconductor memory device includes a writing circuit and a reading circuit. The writing circuit executes a setting action for converting a resistance of a variable resistance element to a low resistance by applying current from one end side to the other end side of a memory cell via the variable resistance element, and a resetting action for converting the resistance to a high resistance by applying current from the other end side to the one end side via the variable resistance element. The reading circuit executes a first reading action for reading a resistance state of the variable resistance element by applying current from one end side to the other end side of the memory cell via the variable resistance element, and a second reading action for reading the resistance state by applying current from the other end side to the one end side via the variable resistance element.