A lithium battery binder composition in accordance with some example embodiments of the inventive concept may include a lithium ion polymer, an inorganic particle and an organic solution in which a lithium salt is dissolved. The lithium ion polymer may be a cellulosic polymer having sulfonic acid lithium salt or carboxylic acid lithium salt functional group. The lithium ion polymer may be manufactured by substituting hydroxyl group or carboxylic group of cellulosic polymer. The lithium battery binder composition may be used to at least one of an electrolyte, a cathode layer and an anode layer.