A semiconductor chip that emits radiation includes a semiconductor body having an active zone, which emits unpolarized radiation having a first radiation component of a first polarization and having a second radiation component of a second polarization. A lattice structure acts as a waveplate or polarization filter and causes an increase in one radiation component relative to the other radiation component in the radiation emitted by the semiconductor chip through an output side. Therefore, the semiconductor chip emits polarized radiation, which has the polarization of the amplified radiation component. The attenuated radiation component remains in the semiconductor chip an optical structure, which converts the polarization of at least part of the attenuated radiation component remaining in the semiconductor chip to the polarization of the amplified radiation component, and a reflective rear side opposite the output side.