The optical module includes an optical component, a substrate, and a laser, an electro-absorption modulator, and a semiconductor optical amplifier that grow on the substrate, where: the electro-absorption modulator is located between the laser and the semiconductor optical amplifier; the laser is configured to output an optical signal after power-on; the electro-absorption modulator is configured to perform signal modulation on the optical signal output by the laser; the semiconductor optical amplifier is configured to amplify the optical signal modulated by the electro-absorption modulator; the optical component is configured to perform deflection and convergence for the optical signal amplified by the semiconductor optical amplifier and output the optical signal.