The present invention provides a new system structure of mobile cellular system based on layered cloud computing. A core network part of the system structure includes a CRG node, and an access network part includes an MC node and a DU node. The system structure proposed in the present invention is compatible with all conventional mobile air interface protocols, supports the layered cloud computing function, and is capable of providing joint signal processing and joint scheduling, flexibly allocating computing resources among nodes, and compressing the structure of the core network, so that larger network data throughput can be provided for users with lower deployment cost.