A honeycomb structure including a pillar-shaped honeycomb structure body having partition walls defining a plurality of cells which become through channels for a fluid and extend from a first end face to a second end face, the partition walls include a porous body having refractory aggregates and a bonding material which bonds the refractory aggregates to each other, the bonding material includes metal Si and an oxide material, porosity of the porous body constituting the partition walls is 25% or more and 70% or less, a ratio of a mass of the bonding material to a mass of the whole porous body is 30 mass % or more and 50 mass % or less, and a ratio of a mass of the oxide material to the mass of the bonding material is 30 mass % or more and 80 mass % or less.