Disclosed are a video signal attenuation equalization circuit, a video signal processing apparatus, and a control device and method, which are used for solving the problem that the transmission of an analog video signal is distorted after the analog video signal is transmitted by a coaxial cable, so as to guarantee low signal distortion after the video signal is transmitted at a long distance. The video signal attenuation equalization circuit provided in the embodiments of the present invention comprises: a signal driving circuit, an equalization unit and an analog switch unit, wherein the signal driving circuit is connected to the equalization unit and the analog switch unit, and is used for receiving and strengthening an initial video signal, and sending the obtained strengthened initial video signal to the equalization unit and the analog switch unit; the equalization unit is used for performing attenuation equalization on the strengthened initial video signal according to the triggering of a control signal, and after the attenuation equalization sending the video signal to the analog switch unit; and the analog switch unit is used for outputting the strengthened initial video signal or the video signal sent by the equalization unit after the attenuation equalization according to the control of the control signal.