A functional material and a preparation method thereof, a curable resin composition, a film and a display device are provided. The functional material comprises inorganic powder provided with modifying layer on the surface, the inorganic powder comprising any one or more selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, boron oxide, iron sesquioxide, calcium oxide, potassium oxide, sodium oxide, lithium oxide; and the modifying layer being formed by the reaction of a dianhydride and a diamine. The curable resin composition of the present invention contains the above functional material. The film and display device comprise a transparent film layer formed by the curing of the above-mentioned curable resin composition.