The inventive subject matter relates to the use of L-butylphthalide in the manufacturing of medicaments for the prevention and treatment of cerebral ischemia-induced disease. Cerebral ischemia of the animals or human induces cerebral infarction, neurological deficit, memory disorder, cerebral edema, cerebral apoplexy, metabolic disorder of energy, changes of cerebral blood flow, and the like. The in vivo experiments show that L-butylphthalide can effectively reduce the above-mentioned adverse symptoms induced by cerebral ischemia.