Embodiments of the present invention disclose a method and an apparatus for acquiring video coding compression quality. The method may include: acquiring video stream information; calculating video content complexity according to the video stream information; and calculating video coding compression quality according to the bit rate, the frame rate and the video content complexity. In the embodiments of the present invention, the video coding compression quality may be acquired as long as the video frame information, the bit rate, the frame rate and the video content complexity of a video stream are acquired. The video coding compression quality may be used in subsequent video quality assessment. This process greatly reduces video quality assessment complexity and the assessment may be performed in real time. In addition, the assessed coding compression quality meets the subjective feeling of human eyes better.