The present disclosure provides a base station self-checking method, comprising: a base station obtaining a base station self-checking signal; determining whether a cleaning liquid supply part of the base station is in place; sending a prompt signal when the cleaning liquid supply part is not in the base station; and when the cleaning liquid supply part is in the base station, obtaining the amount of a cleaning liquid in the cleaning liquid supply part and issuing a corresponding instruction signal according to the amount of the cleaning liquid in the cleaning liquid supply part. The present disclosure also provides a surface cleaning device self-checking method.