摘要:
Hydrofining of petroleum and chemical feedstocks using bulk Group VIII/Group VIB catalysts. Preferred catalysts include those comprised of Ni-Mo-W.
摘要:
Hydrocracking process for hydrocracking petroleum and chemical feedstocks using bulk Group VIII/Group VIB catalysts. Preferred catalysts include those comprised of Ni-Mo-W.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for converting a hydrocarbon feedstock, said method comprising the following steps: a) a step of hydrocracking the feedstock in the presence of hydrogen, b) a step of separating the effluent obtained from step a), c) a step of precipitating sediments in which the heavy fraction resulting from the separation step b) is brought into contact with a distillate cut, at least 20% by weight of which has a boiling point greater than or equal to 100 °C, for a period less than 500 minutes, at a temperature between 25 and 350 °C and a pressure less than 20 MPa, d) a step of physically separating sediments of the heavy fraction resulting from step c), e) a step of recovering a heavy fraction having a sediment content, measured according to the method of ISO 10307-2, less than or equal to 0.1% by weight.
摘要:
Embodiments of a thermochemical method to convert lignocellulosic biomass to a useful fuel is disclosed in a process sequence resulting in low levels of depositable tars in the output gas stream. One disclosed embodiment comprises performing a sequence of steps at elevated pressure and elevated hydrogen partial pressure, including fast (or flash) hydropyrolysis of a lignocellulosic biomass feed followed sequentially with catalytically enhanced reactions for the formation of methane operating at moderate temperatures of from about 400°C to about 650°C and under moderately elevated pressure (about 5 atm to about 50 atm). A temperature rise in the catalyst above pyrolysis temperature is achieved without the addition of air or oxygen. Gas residence time at elevated temperature downstream of methane formation zones is extended well beyond the time required for methane formation. This sequence results in low depositable tars in the output gas stream. The catalyst promotes both the cracking of pyrolysis gases and reactions with hydrogen to preferentially form methane and non-deposit forming hydrocarbons, and also preferentially promotes coke re-gasification.
摘要:
Process for the complete conversion of heavy oils into distillates, such as the vacuum residues of heavy crude oils, characterized by the simultaneous use of two separate modes of extraction of the conversion products. Alongside the current mode of recovery of the conversion products, based on the treatment of the effluent of the top zone of the reaction, a second mode is added, based on the direct extraction of liquid from the reaction zone, degassing such liquid at the same pressure as the reactor and subjecting it to vacuum extraction. The vacuum residue is recycled in the reaction. The double mode of extraction allows greatly increasing the capacity of the reactor.
摘要:
One exemplary embodiment can be a slurry hydrocracking process. The process can include providing one or more hydrocarbon compounds having an initial boiling point temperature of at least 340°C, and a slurry catalyst to a slurry hydrocracking zone. The slurry catalyst may have 32 to 50%, by weight, iron; 3 to 14%, by weight, aluminum; no more than 10%, by weight, sodium; and 2 to 10%, by weight, calcium. Typically, all catalytic component percentages are as metal and based on the weight of the dried slurry catalyst.
摘要:
Systems and processes for the hydroprocessing of a hydrocarbonaceous feed are provided that utilize a plurality of moving bed reactors. The reactors may be moving bed radial flow reactors. A hydrogen injection point can be provided prior to each reactor by providing a mixer that mixes hydrogen with a hydrocarbonaceous feed, or with the effluent stream from an upstream reactor, to produce a reactor feed stream. Catalyst can be provided from the reaction zone of one reactor to the reaction zone of a downstream reactor through catalyst transfer pipes, and can be regenerated after passing through the reaction zones of the reactors. The moving bed reactors can be stacked in one or more reactor stacks.
摘要:
Hydroprocessing of petroleum and chemical feedstocks using bulk Group VIII/Group VIB catalysts. Preferred catalysts include those comprised of Ni-Mo-W.