摘要:
Methods and devices for directing a waste fluid from a radiopharmaceutical synthesis system to a waste vessel are provided. In one example, the method includes serially connecting a primary waste vessel to a secondary waste vessel with a fluid conduit, including a waste valve connected to the fluid conduit extending between the primary waste vessel and secondary waste vessel; opening the waste valve so as to allow fluid communication between cavities of the primary and secondary waste vessels; drawing a low pressure in both waste vessels; closing the waste valve so as to fluidically isolate the secondary waste vessel from the primary waste vessel, discharging the waste fluid through a pump valve into the primary waste vessel, and opening the waste valve to evacuate the waste fluid from the primary waste vessel into the secondary waste vessel.
摘要:
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Kritikalitätssicherheit in einem Flüssig-flüssig-Extraktionsprozeß für bestrahlte Kernbrenn-und/oder Brutstoffe, insbesondere bei nicht bestimmungsgemäßen Betriebszuständen. Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein quasi-inhärent kritikalitätssicheres Verfahren zu schaffen, mit welchem, insbesondere im Bereich Extraktion - Spaltproduktwäsche -Weiterverarbeiten des wäßrigen, hochaktiven Abfalls, unerwünschte Plutonium-Akkumulationen und die Bildung einer schweren organischen, Plutonium enthaltenden Phase sicher vermieden werden können. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, daß die vom Auflöser kommende Uran, Plutonium, Neptunium und Spaltprodukte enthaltene wäßrige, salpetersaure Lösung, bevor sie als Speiselösung in die erste Extraktionsapparatur eingeführt wird, in ihren Konzentrationen und/oder die Extraktionsapparatur auf eine Temperatur so eingestellt wird, daß folgende Ungleichung erfüllt ist: wobei
T E = Temperatur der Lösungen im Extraktor ( °C) U 1 = Urankonzentration der Speiselösung (g/I) Pu f = Plutoniumkonzentration der Speiselösung (g/l) H, = Salpetersäurekonzentration der Speiselösung (M/I) e = Basis des natürlichen Logarithmensystems bedeutet.
摘要翻译:本发明涉及改进用于辐射核燃料和/或种鸡材料液 - 液提取过程中关键性,特别是在不正确的操作条件的方法。 本发明具有的目的是提供通过其,尤其是在区域提取准固有kritikalitätssicheres方法 - 水,高放废物,纳所需钚积累和重含有机物钚相的形成的裂解产物洗涤-Weiterverarbeiten可靠地避免 可以。 这是由从旋转变压器铀,钚,镎和裂变产物的硝酸水溶液包含到来,之前它被引入作为在前述第一抽出装置中的进料溶液中它们的浓度和/或所述提取装置被调整为使得温度达到 以下不等式成立:其中T E =在萃取溶液的温度(℃)U F =进料溶液(克/升)的进料溶液(克/升)H F中的进料溶液的=硝酸浓度的浦F =钚浓度的铀的浓度(μM /升)E =自然Logarithmensystemsbedeutet的基础。
摘要:
A method for handling sludge arranged on the bottom (2) of a water filled basin (1), wherein the water defining a surface, is described. The method comprises the steps of freezing the sludge in a portion of the bottom (2) of the basin (1), arranging a closable container (3) in the basin (1) below the surface of the water, which container (3) comprises a collecting filter, moving the frozen sludge into the container (3) to a position above the collecting filter, closing the container (3), and thawing the frozen sludge in the container (3). An apparatus for performing the method is also described.
摘要:
Treatment of radioactive waste comprising organic compounds, and sulfur-containing compounds and/or halogen-containing compounds. An apparatus comprises a reaction vessel comprising a filter for carrying out thermal treatment of the waste and a thermal oxidizer. Utilizing co-reactants to reduce gas phase sulfur and halogen from treatment of wastes.
摘要:
Methods and apparatus for decontaminating disposable protective products prepared from polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), used in a nuclear power plant, to less than minimum detectable activity (MDA) are disclosed. In the disclosed methods and apparatus, solid protective products made of PVA, generated from a nuclear power plant, are dissolved into a liquid, and then are decontaminated to less than MDA. The PVA solution decontaminated in this way is concentrated to an appropriate concentration or dried, and finally is subjected to self-disposal. This can fundamentally block the generation amount of combustible waste amounting to 50% or more of low and intermediate level waste of nuclear power plants, thereby considerably contributing to a reduction of the operating expenses of the nuclear power plants. The present invention further relates to methods and apparatus for self-disposing disposable protective products manufactured by conventional polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) through pyrolysis/catalytic oxidation of a PVA solution generated by concentration, and treating the decontaminated PVA solution within a plant. The PVA protective products are dissolved/concentrated/oxidized in water to remove firstly organic matter, and then PVA materials in the PVA solution are completely oxidized into CO2 and H2O by using a small-sized pyrolysis/catalytic oxidation reactor.
摘要翻译:公开了将用于核电厂中的由聚乙烯醇(PVA)制备的一次性防护产品去除污染至少达到最小可检测活性(MDA)的方法和装置。 在所公开的方法和装置中,由核电厂生产的由PVA制成的固体保护产品溶解在液体中,然后净化成小于MDA。 以这种方式去除的PVA溶液被浓缩至适当的浓度或干燥,最后进行自我处理。 这可以从根本上阻止核电厂中低档废物达到50%以上的可燃废物的发电量,从而大大有助于降低核电厂的运行费用。 本发明还涉及通过常规聚乙烯醇(PVA)通过热分解/催化氧化浓缩产生的PVA溶液和处理植物中去污的PVA溶液来自行处置一次性保护产品的方法和装置。 PVA保护产物在水中溶解/浓缩/氧化,首先除去有机物质,然后使用小型热解/催化氧化反应器将PVA溶液中的PVA材料完全氧化成CO 2和H 2 O.
摘要:
The present invention is about a sol-gel process for the treatment of wastes containing heavy metals, that makes it possible to fix such ions in stable articles not giving rise to spontaneous release of said metals.