摘要:
This invention introduces an absorption vapor pressure enhancement operation. In the process, a mass of solvent vapor is absorbed into an absorbing solution under a first pressure and an equivalent amount of second vapor is produced under a second pressure that is substantially higher than the first pressure. The pressure enhancement is accomplished by the dilution of the absorbing solution. A vapor pressure enhancement operation (98, 99) applied to a low pressure vapor is functionally equivalent to compressing a low pressure vapor. By using a multiple stage pressure enhancement operation (98, 99), a very high level of temperature lifting of heat can be accomplished. The process can be adopted in processes in which low pressure vapors are generated. Examples are freeze drying processes and multiple phase transformation processes such as Vacuum Freezing Processes, Eutectic Freezing Processes and Distillative Freezing Processes.
摘要:
In a condenser/evaporator of the type in which first fluid chambers and second fluid chambers are formed alternately by a large number of vertical partition plates and heat-exchanging is effected between a liquid medium in the first fluid chambers and a fluid in the second fluid chambers, multiple stages of heat transfer plates are disposed vertically in the first fluid chambers so as to define a plurality of liquid medium flow paths. One of the ends of each fluid path is open. A plurality of liquid reservoirs whose upper parts are open are disposed vertically and are connected to the other ends of the flow paths. While being supplied to the liquid reservoir of each stage, the liquid medium is introduced into the flow paths to effect heat-exchanging. Accordingly, the liquid depth of the liquid medium becomes small and temperature rise due to the liquide pressure is eliminated so that efficiency of the condenser/evaporator can be improved.
摘要:
Difficulties associated with the operational stability of a conventional cryogenic plant for manufacturing ammonia synthesis gas from a stream rich in hydrogen and a stream of nitrogen are reduced by using three heat exchangers in place of the conventional single heat exchanger. In use, the first heat exchanger (102), which is preferably arranged with its cold end uppermost, is used to cool the stream of nitrogen. Part of the nitrogen leaving the first heat exchanger (102) is passed downwardly through a third heat exchanger (204) where it is further cooled before being introduced into a nitrogen wash column (104) where it acts as reflux. The third heat exchanger (204) is cooled by vapour leaving the top of the nitrogen wash column (104). After being cooled in the first heat exchanger (102) the stream rich in hydrogen is passed upwardly in a second heat exchanger (202) where it is further cooled before being introduced into the lower portion of the nitrogen was column (104). A modification is also described which facilitates recovery of most of the small amount of hydrogen in the liquid leaving the bottom of the nitrogen was column (104).