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公开(公告)号：EP2086413A1
公开(公告)日：2009-08-12
申请号：EP06828930.5
申请日：2006-11-07
申请人： Elekta AB (PUBL)
发明人： BOURNE, Duncan Neil
CPC分类号： A61G13/04 , A61B6/0457 , F16M7/00
摘要： A three-dimensional rotation mechanism comprises three rotateable elements (50,56,60) fixed together in series, the first and second being fixed together with their rotational axes non-parallel, and the second and third being fixed together with their rotational axes non-parallel. Since the rotation axes of the rotateable elements are not parallel, as one or more elements are rotated, the wedge elements (54,58) that lie between them can be brought into and out of alignment. The rotateable elements are generally disc-shaped, such as in the form of torque motors. There is preferably a control apparatus for controlling the first, second and third rotateable elements to each rotate by a specific angle of rotation. A patient support is also described, comprising a table supported via a three-dimensional rotation mechanism as described above.
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公开(公告)号：EP2010287B1
公开(公告)日：2009-08-12
申请号：EP06753425.5
申请日：2006-04-27
申请人： Elekta AB (publ)
发明人： BROWN, Kevin , STREAMER, Ralph , BOXALL, Paul , BOURNE, Duncan
IPC分类号： A61N5/10
CPC分类号： A61N5/103 , A61N5/1036 , A61N5/1042 , A61N5/1047
摘要： A radiotherapeutic apparatus comprises a source able to emit a beam of therapeutic radiation along a beam axis, a multi-leaf collimator arranged to collimate the beam to a desired shape, wherein the source is rotateable about a rotation axis that is substantially orthogonal and intersects with the beam axis thereby to describe an arc around that axis, and further comprises a control means able to control the dose/time rate of the source, the rotation speed of the source, and the multi-leaf collimator position. The control means is arranged to receive a treatment plan in which the arc is divided into a plurality of notional arc-segments, and specifying the total dose for the arc-segment and a start and end MLC position. It then controls the source in accordance with that plan over an first arc-segment such that at least one of the rotation speed and dose rate are constant and the multi-leaf collimator changes shape, and a second arc segment such that at least one of the rotation speed and dose rate are constant at a level different to the constant level adopted during the first arc-segment. It achieves this by calculating the total time required for the arc segment for a plurality of factors including an MLC leaf movement from a prescribed position at the start of the arc-segment to a prescribed position at the end of the arc- segment, at a maximum leaf speed, rotation of the source from the start to the end of the arc-segment at a maximum source rotation speed, delivery of the dose at a maximum dose rate per time, selecting the factor dictating the longest time, and controlling the apparatus so that the selected factor operates at its respective maximum and the remaining factors are operated at a reduced rate selected to match that longest time.
摘要翻译： 放射治疗装置包括能够沿射束轴线发射治疗辐射束的光源，被布置成使光束准直到期望的形状的多叶式准直器，其中所述源能够围绕基本正交的旋转轴线旋转并且与旋转轴线相交 光束轴由此描述围绕该轴的弧，并且还包括能够控制源的剂量/时间速率，源的旋转速度和多叶准直器位置的控制装置。 控制装置被设置为接收治疗计划，其中电弧被划分为多个名义弧段，并且指定弧段的总剂量以及开始和结束MLC位置。 然后它根据该计划在第一弧段上控制源，使得旋转速度和剂量率中的至少一个是恒定的并且多叶准直器改变形状，以及第二弧段，使得至少一个 旋转速度和剂量率恒定在与第一弧段期间采用的恒定水平不同的水平。 它通过计算多个因素的弧段所需的总时间来实现，所述多个因子包括MLC叶片从弧段开始时的规定位置移动到弧段结束时的规定位置，a 最大叶片速度，源在最大源旋转速度下从弧段开始到结束的旋转，以最大剂量率每次输送剂量，选择指示最长时间的因子，以及控制设备 使得所选因素在其各自的最大值处运行，并且其余因素以选择为与最长时间匹配的降低速率运行。
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公开(公告)号：EP2085117A1
公开(公告)日：2009-08-05
申请号：EP09000841.8
申请日：2009-01-22
申请人： Elekta AB (PUBL)
CPC分类号： A61N5/1049 , A61B2090/3941 , A61N5/1042 , A61N5/1045 , A61N5/1048 , A61N2005/1059 , G06T7/0012 , G06T2207/10064 , G06T2207/30204 , G21K1/04 , G21K1/046 , H04N5/2256
摘要： A fluorescing marker is used in order to mark (for example) a leaf of a multi-leaf collimator and/or the reference points within the field of view. The markers are illuminated with light tuned to cause the markers to fluoresce at a wavelength different to that of the illuminating light. The fluorescence is then detected by a camera. This method allows the image to be captured by the camera with increased contrast. Accordingly, the present invention provides a multi-leaf collimator for a radiotherapeutic apparatus, comprising at least one leaf having a fluorescent marker. The fluorescent marker will usually emit light of a wavelength longer than the incident light, allowing suitable filters to be provided in order to distinguish the light emitted by the markers. A suitable material for use in the fluorescent markers is ruby. The present invention also provides a radiotherapeutic apparatus comprising a multi-leaf collimator as defined above, and a camera arranged to view the fluorescent markers. A source of illumination for the fluorescent markers is ideally monochromatic, or nearly so. The camera can have a filter arranged to substantially prevent light of the wavelength emitted by the source of illumination from entering the camera, thereby improving the contrast of the image. The radiotherapeutic apparatus can also comprise a source of illumination that is optically co-located with a radiation source, to allow the radiation field that will be emitted to be checked visually by an operator. The co-located source is preferably substantially monochromatic, emitting substantially no light at the wavelength of the fluorescent markers. A filter can then be placed over an output of the radiotherapeutic apparatus, for blocking light of the wavelength of the fluorescent markers and thereby enhancing the contrast of the image that is taken of the fluorescent markers.
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公开(公告)号：EP2069016A2
公开(公告)日：2009-06-17
申请号：EP07818614.5
申请日：2007-10-02
申请人： Elekta AB (publ)
发明人： GARDING, Jonas , KJÄLL, Per , LIDBERG, Pär
IPC分类号： A61N5/10
CPC分类号： A61N5/1031 , A61N5/1084
摘要： A treatment planning method comprises the steps of identifying a plurality of treatment locations and an overall dose to be applied to each, for each specific location identifying the global dose applied at that location by doses aimed at different locations, as a proportion of the dose applied at the respective different location, constructing a dose factor matrix containing for each location, the global doses arising from the dose applied at each other location, inverting the dose factor matrix and multiplying it with a prescription matrix containing the overall doses to be applied to each location, thereby to obtain a resultant matrix containing a local dose for each location. This provides a mathematically straightforward method of deriving the necessary doses to be applied to each target so that, including the global doses delivered while irradiating a different target, each target receives the correct total dose. Some locations can be omitted from the treatment planning method, for example if they are located so far from the other locations that they will not have a significant interaction with them. A corresponding treatment planning apparatus is also described.
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公开(公告)号：EP2068711A1
公开(公告)日：2009-06-17
申请号：EP06806100.1
申请日：2006-10-06
申请人： Elekta AB (publ)
发明人： WUNDERINK, Wouter
IPC分类号： A61B5/113
CPC分类号： A61B5/1135 , A61B5/721
摘要： A respiration sensor comprises a frame that is adapted to extend from a first point of contact on one side of a patient to a second point of contact on an opposing side of the patient, including a force sensor in the first point of contact. The second point of contact can comprise a patient support, which will usually support the patient in a generally horizontal state. The frame is preferably as shown in US 5,681,326 with an arch extending over an area adapted to receive a patient. The first point of contact can include a plate which abuts the patient. The sensor is ideally located between the plate and the remainder of the frame.
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公开(公告)号：EP1858589A1
公开(公告)日：2007-11-28
申请号：EP06709949.9
申请日：2006-03-01
申请人： Elekta AB (publ)
发明人： Brown, Kevin
IPC分类号： A61N5/10
CPC分类号： A61N5/1042 , A61N5/1047
摘要： The present invention seeks to provide a radiotherapeutic apparatus that mitigates the various problems found in the techniques such as tomotherapy, IMAT, IMRT and the like. It provides a radiotherapeutic apparatus comprising a source of radiation whose output is collimated by a multi-leaf collimator, and a patient support, the source being rotateable around the support and the support being translatable along the axis of rotation, thereby to move the source helically relative to a patient on the support. The leaves of the MLC are preferably oriented orthogonal to the axis of rotation, to simplify computation of the dose distribution. The apparatus thus moves the patient on the patient support system along the axis of rotation, in the longitudinal direction. Thus, the device has an effectively unlimited treatable volume in the longitudinal direction and avoids the limitations of IMAT and IMRT techniques whilst enabling the use of thin MLC leaves to give a high longitudinal resolution. The apparatus is preferably combined with an optimisation system providing a computational service similar to that provided for IMAT and IMRT devices. Essentially the same computational techniques could be used, with appropriate changes to the input conditions and characteristic equations. The long aperture length (compared to tomotherapy) makes the radiation delivery efficient and therefore the delivery of high doses a practicality; hypofractionation and radiosurgery therefore become possible over large treatable volumes.
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公开(公告)号：EP1830923A1
公开(公告)日：2007-09-12
申请号：EP05821711.8
申请日：2005-12-15
申请人： Elekta AB (publ)
发明人： PUTAALA, Miikka
CPC分类号： G01S7/52036 , A61N5/103 , G01S15/8936
摘要： The co-registration of a volumetric ultrasound acquisition of the volume of interest with a magnetic resonance image allows the former to providing the basis for calculation of the dose distribution and the latter to provide the basis for target delineation and isocenter placement. The present invention therefore provides an apparatus for planning the radiotherapeutic treatment of a volume of tissue, comprising a sonographic apparatus for acquiring acoustic data relating to the volume, a means for reconstruction of an internal structure of the volume on the basis of the acoustic data, and a means for classification of the material type within that internal structure to one or more tissue types. A three-dimensional motion-tracking device for the sonographic device will assist. The sonographic device will typically be an ultrasound probe. The tissue type data can be passed to a dosage calculation means for determination of radiation dosage. The greater accuracy of the three-dimensional electron density data that can then be used given that the internal variation of tissue type is known will mean that the treatment can be modelled more accurately and, therefore, a more optimal treatment can be determined using, for instance, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) alone.
摘要翻译： 利用磁共振成像的体积超声波采集与磁共振成像的共注册允许前者提供计算剂量分布的基础，后者为目标描绘和等角点放置提供基础。 因此，本发明提供了一种用于规划一定体积的组织的放射治疗处理的设备，包括用于获取与体积有关的声学数据的超声波设备，用于基于声学数据重建体积的内部结构的设备， 以及用于将该内部结构内的材料类型分类为一种或多种组织类型的手段。 超声波设备的三维运动追踪装置将有所帮助。 超声设备通常是超声探头。 组织类型数据可以传递给剂量计算装置以确定辐射剂量。 假定已知组织类型的内部变化是已知的，那么可以使用三维电子密度数据的更高准确度将意味着可以更准确地建模该处理，并且因此可以使用for 例如，磁共振成像（MRI）。
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公开(公告)号：EP1641534B1
公开(公告)日：2007-09-12
申请号：EP04740746.5
申请日：2004-07-07
申请人： Elekta AB (publ)
CPC分类号： G21K1/046 , A61N5/1042 , G21K1/04
摘要： A multi-leaf collimator is disclosed which alleviates the problems of interleaf leakage and pixellation. The collimator comprises a first multi-leaf collimator set, a second multi-leaf collimator set at an acute angle to the first, and a third multi-leaf collimator set at an acute angle to the second. Each multi-leaf collimator set will usually include a pair of leaf banks mutually opposed to each other. The acute angle between the first and the second multi-leaf collimator set is preferably the same as the acute angle between the second and the third set. A suitable angle is about 600. To improve the penumbra characteristics, (i) the leaves of the multi-leaf collimator closest to the radiation source can be deeper in the direction of the radiation than the leaves of a multi-leaf collimator more distant from the radiation source, (ii) the leaves of the multi-leaf collimator furthest from the radiation source can be shallower in the direction of the radiation than the leaves of a multi-leaf collimator closer to the radiation source, (iii) the tips of the leaves of the multi-leaf collimators can be rounded (iv) the radius of curvature of the tips of the leaves of the multi-leaf collimator closest to the radiation source can be greater than the radius of curvature of the tips of the leaves of a multi-leaf collimator more distant from the radiation source, and (v) the radius of curvature of the tips of the leaves of the multi-leaf collimator furthest from the radiation source can be less than the radius of curvature of the tips of the leaves of a multi-leaf collimator closer to the radiation source. In general, it is also preferred that the first multi-leaf collimator is closest to the radiation source, the third multi-leaf collimator is furthest from the radiation source, and the second multi-leaf collimator is between the first and third multi-leaf collimators.
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公开(公告)号：EP1614070A1
公开(公告)日：2006-01-11
申请号：EP04703432.7
申请日：2004-01-20
申请人： ELEKTA AB (publ.)
发明人： LAMBERT, Zijp The Netherlands Cancer Institute , BROWN, Kevin John , JAFFRAY, David , SIEWERDSEN, Jeffrey , VAN HERK, Marcel , SONKE, Jan-Jakob
CPC分类号： G06T5/009 , A61N5/1064 , G06T5/003 , G06T7/0016 , G06T7/20 , G06T11/005 , G06T2207/10081 , G06T2207/20068 , G06T2207/20192 , G06T2207/30061 , G06T2207/30096 , G06T2211/412
摘要： Artifacts in the reconstructed volume data of cone beam CT systems can be removed by the application of respiration correlation techniques to the acquired projection images. To achieve this, the phase of the patients breathing is monitored while acquiring projection images continuously. On completion of the acquisition, projection images that have comparable breathing phases can be selected from the complete set, and these are used to reconstruct the volume data using similar techniques to those of conventional CT. Any phase can be selected and therefore the effect of breathing can be studied. It is also possible to use a feature in the projection images such as the patient's diaphragm to determine the breathing phase. This feature in the projection images can be used to control delivery of therapeutic radiation dependent on the patient's breathing cycle, to ensure that the tumor is in the correct position when the radiation is delivered.
摘要翻译： 通过将呼吸相关技术应用于所采集的投影图像，可以消除锥束CT系统的重建体数据中的伪影。 为了实现这个目标，在连续采集投影图像的同时监测患者呼吸的阶段。 完成采集后，可以从整套设备中选择具有可比较呼吸阶段的投影图像，并且这些投影图像用于使用与常规CT类似的技术重建体数据。 任何阶段都可以选择，因此可以研究呼吸的影响。 也可以在投影图像中使用特征，例如患者的膈肌来确定呼吸阶段。 投影图像中的这一特征可用于控制取决于患者呼吸周期的治疗辐射的输送，以确保当辐射被递送时肿瘤处于正确的位置。
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公开(公告)号：EP1589876A1
公开(公告)日：2005-11-02
申请号：EP04703444.2
申请日：2004-01-20
申请人： Elekta AB (publ)
发明人： BROWN, Kevin, John , JAFFRAY, David , SIEWERDSEN, Jeffrey , VAN HERK, Marcel , SONKE, Jan-Jakob
CPC分类号： A61B6/541 , A61B6/032 , G06T11/005 , G06T2211/412
摘要： Artefacts in the reconstructed volume data of cone beam CT systems can be removed by the application of respiration correlation techniques to the acquired projection images. To achieve this, the phase of the patients breathing is monitored while acquiring projection images continuously. On completion of the acquisition, projection images that have comparable breathing phases can be selected from the complete set, and these are used to reconstruct the volume data using similar techniques to those of conventional CT. Any phase can be selected and therefore the effect of breathing can be studied. It is also possible to use a feature in the projection image(s) such as the patient's diaphragm to determine the breathing phase. This feature in the projection images can be used to control delivery of therapeutic radiation dependent on the patient's breathing cycle, to ensure that the tumour is in the correct position when the radiation is delivered.
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