摘要:
A physical amount estimating apparatus including first outputting means for outputting a first physical amount that does not include a hysteresis characteristic, second outputting means for outputting a second physical amount that has a predetermined physical relationship to the first physical amount and includes a hysteresis characteristic, hysteresis removing means for calculating a corrected value with the hysteresis characteristic removed therefrom based on the second physical amount, and estimating means for estimating a third physical amount based on a physical relationship between the first physical amount and the corrected value.
摘要:
Méthode de contrôle du fonctionnement d'un pneumatique, consistant à déterminer des estimations ou des mesures du glissement G i et du coefficient d'adhérence µ i existant audit glissement, pour au moins une paire de valeurs (G i , µ i ) ; déterminer les valeurs correspondantes de la pente α i , de la droite passant par l'origine et par (G i , µ i ) ; calculer un coefficient B par calcul direct ou par une régression à partir d'un nombre suffisant de paires avec (α i , G i ) de façon à estimer la valeur de α 0 à l'origine ; utiliser α 0 comme indicateur de la valeur de la rigidité longitudinale de sculpture ; déduire la hauteur résiduelle de sculpture de la valeur de la rigidité longitudinale de sculpture, d'où un indicateur de l'usure du pneumatique.
摘要:
A coating adhesive strength and shear strength measuring apparatus which can measure both the adhesive strength and the shear strength of the coating of a test piece comprises a vertical pressure sensor (15) linked at one end to a guide shaft (14) which is movable in two, vertical and parallel, directions relative to the coating surface of a test piece (S), while a parallel pressure sensor (17) is linked at its first end by a link (16) to the other end of the vertical pressure sensor (15), the second end of the parallel pressure sensor (17) being linked to a cutting knife (18) such that, as the coating of the test piece (S) is sliced with the cutting knife (18), the vertical pressure and the parallel pressure exerted on the cutting knife (18) can be measured.
摘要:
A tribological test apparatus (1) has a supporting structure (2), to which are fitted a central shaft (21) rotating about a respective axis (3), and three peripheral shafts (52) rotating about respective axes (54) equally spaced angularly about the axis (3) of the central shaft (21); the central shaft (21) and peripheral shafts (52) respectively support a central specimen (41) and three peripheral specimens (51) facing one another radially; and the apparatus (1) has three actuators (80), each for exerting on a relative peripheral specimen (51) a force (F) directed towards the central specimen (41), and a guide and slide device (56) associated with each peripheral shaft (52) to enable each peripheral specimen (51), in use, to translate radially towards the central specimen (41) and exert a contact pressure on the central specimen (41) by virtue of the force (F) generated by the relative actuator (80).
摘要:
The following method is used to measure the adhesion of a polymer binder to a heated metal surface: A metal plate is attached to a heated (350 °F; 177 °C) platform and allowed to equilibrate to the temperature of the platform. A polymer emulsion binder is applied to a substrate, such as cotton fabric, and an end of the coated substrate is attached to a tensile measuring apparatus. The coated side of the coated substrate is pressed onto the heated metal plate; e.g., using a 3-Ib lab roller. After a length of time to cause drying and/or partial cure of the binder (approximately 30 seconds), the metal plate and the tensile measuring device are separated at a given uniform speed. The amount of force needed to remove the substrate from the metal plate is recorded.
摘要:
Method and apparatus for measuring, monitoring and/or providing an indication of material 'damage' in board products, particularly Machine Direction (MD) Shear. In this regard, the present document discloses applying a predetermined force to a board product such that the board product is not deflected beyond its elastic region. The apparatus used for applying the force is preferably of a size or structure suitable for physically limiting the amount of deflection of the board product. By maintaining the board product within its elastic region as such, the occurrence of permanent damage to the board product is reduced. Hence, the disclosed method and apparatus are able to provide a non-destructive indication of MD Shear on the paperboard product being tested, and are thus suitable for use in on-line testing/monitoring of paperboard production.