摘要:
Object image values for each position in the image of ultrasound reflectivity are computed by summing image values from images associated with selected cross-points of different rows and columns in an array of ultrasound transducers. The image value for each of these cross points is determined by transmitting ultrasound transmission signals from the ultrasound transducers at a subsampled first selection of first sampling locations along the column of the cross point and receiving reflections at least partly simultaneously from a subsampled second selection of second sampling locations along the row of the cross point. The image values for different locations are computed by synthesizing vertical resolution from the ultrasound sub-sampled transmission signals and horizontal resolution from the sub-sampled received signals. The ranges of sub-sampling locations for each cross point have large overlap with the sub-sampling ranges of for neighboring cross points, with the sub-sampling locations for different cross-points lying at least partly interspersed between each other in the overlap. The extension of sub-sampling locations over large overlapping ranges ensures high resolution in the cross-point images and the use of different sampling points in the overlap reduces artifacts in the summed image.
摘要:
An acoustic system (100) and method for measuring a curved object (Obj). A flexible sheet (20) is provided with an array of acoustic transducers (10) distributed over a surface (20s) of the sheet (20). The sheet (20) is wrapped at least partially around the object (Obj) such that different transducers (10a, 10b, 10c) acoustically contact the object (Obj) from different sides. The transducers (10) are used to generate and/or measure acoustic waves (W) at variable locations around the object (Obj). Spatial coordinates (X,Y,Z) of the variable locations in three dimensional space are dependent on a deformation of the sheet surface (20s) wrapping around the object (Obj). The spatial coordinates (X,Y,Z) of the transducers (10) are determined, while the sheet (20) is wrapped around the object (Obj), based on a set of travel times (Tab,Tbc,Tac) of the acoustic waves (W) sent through the object (Obj), e.g. between different transducers (10a, 10b).
摘要:
An ultrasonic transducer (100) comprises a stack of at least two membranes (10,20) attached to a substrate (50). An electric circuit (30) is coupled to the electrodes with a controller configured to apply a first electric signal (S11) to a first electrode (11) on the first membrane (10), and a different, second electric signal (S21) to a second electrode (21) on the second membrane (20). The first and second electric signals (S11,S21) are configured to apply a varying voltage (ΔV1,ΔV2) between the first electrode (11) and the second electrode (12) during a respective vibration cycle (T1,T2) of the membranes (10,20). The first electrode (11) on the first membrane (10) is configured to interact with the second electrode (21) on the second membrane (20) by a varying electrostatic force (Fe) during the respective vibration cycle (T1,T2) depending on the varying voltage (ΔV1,ΔV2).
摘要:
An effective bandwidth in a membrane based ultrasonic transducer is improved by a control element (C). The control element (C) is disposed on a first side (10a) of a first membrane (10) of the transducer to increase or decrease a displacement amplitude of the first membrane (10) towards the first side (10a) and/or the opposite, second side (10b). This induces a displacement asymmetry (Za<>Zb) in a motion of the first membrane (10) during a first vibration (V1) of the first membrane (10) to the first side (10a) compared to the second side (10b). The displacement asymmetry may result in improved bandwidth.
摘要:
An acoustic device (100) comprises an array of acoustic membranes (1,2,3,4) formed on a foil (10). Each of the acoustic membranes (1,2,3,4) is configured to vibrate at a resonance frequency (Fr) of the acoustic membranes (1,2,3,4) for generating respective acoustic waves (W1,W2,W3,W4). Relative phases (ΔΦ12,ΔΦ34) are determined at which the acoustic membranes (1,2,4,5) are actuated for generating a predetermined interference pattern (C) between the acoustic waves (W1,W2,W3,W4). A lamb wavelength (λs) is determined of lamb waves (Ws) at the resonance frequency (Fr) traveling through intermediate sections (10i,10j) of the foil (10) between adjacent acoustic membranes (1,2; 3,4). Distances (X12,X34) of the intermediate sections (10i,10j) between the adjacent acoustic membranes (1,2; 3,4) in the layout are determined in accordance with the relative phases (ΔΦ12,ΔΦ34) and the lamb wavelength (λs) for having the lamb waves (Ws), generated by one acoustic membrane (1,3), arrive in phase with an adjacent acoustic membrane (2,4).
摘要:
In accordance with an aspect of the present application, a system is provided for crack monitoring in a structure of interest, comprising means for extracting wave modes existing in a frequency interval of interest, means for finding a source of emission on the structure of interest, means for correcting for dispersion to reconstruct an original ratio of wave modes at the source of emission, and means for correlating the original ratio of wave modes to a crack depth. One advantage of this solution in contrast to prior art techniques is that no a priori knowledge on propagation speed is necessary since actual wave modes can be detected from dispersion relations of wave modes, e.g. Lamb waves at a fixed frequency band in accordance with their calculated speeds. Decentralized acquisition and processing, i.e. monitoring a structure from a localized area, is an important feature of this solution, consequent to which, the data transfer and storage are reduced substantially.
摘要:
A defect monitoring system has ultrasound transmitters and receivers on a wall of a structure under test such as a pipeline. The receivers are arranged in an array of locations that substantially encloses an area under test on a wall of a structure under test. The array may comprise two circumferential rings along a pipeline at different axial positions. The array of ultrasound receivers is used to measure signals that result ultrasound that leave the area through the wall for other parts of the wall. From the measured signals backward propagated signals are computed for a location within the enclosed area, compensated for a modelled effect of propagation from the location within the area to the locations of the receivers at the perimeter. The backward propagated signals for the location in the enclosed area are summed over the locations of the receivers to obtain an approximate integral over the perimeter of the area. The integral is used as a normalization factor for the backward propagated signals for the location within the area. In this way reflection and/or transmission coefficients are obtained that are indicative of the size of defects in the wall, independent of calibration of ultrasound coupling coefficients.