摘要:
A separation column for ion chromatograph, which is packed with an organic porous ion exchanger having a three-dimensionally network structure which has a continuous pore structure comprising macropores connected with each other and, being present in the wall between them, a mesopore having a radius of 0.01 to 50 µm, has a total pore volume of 1 to 50 ml/g, exhibits a value obtained by dividing the half width of the main peak of the pore distribution curve thereof by the radius of the peak top of the main peak of 0.5 or less, and has ion exchange groups introduced so that the exchanger has an ion-exchange capacity of 0.1 to 5000 µg equivalent/g-dry organic porous ion exchanger. The separation column exhibits high performance capability especially for the separation and concentration of low molecular weight ions, and thus can be used for passing a sample solution through it with a reduced pressure while retaining a high capability for ion resolution.
摘要:
An acid or base is generated in an aqueous solution by the steps of: (a) providing a source of first ions (40) adjacent an aqueous liquid in a first acid or base generation zone (50), separated by a first barrier (46) (e.g., anion exchange membrane) substantially preventing liquid flow and transporting ions only of the same charge as said first ions, (b) providing a source of second ions of opposite charge (40) adjacent an aqueous liquid in a second acid or base generation zone (48), separated by a second barrier (44) transporting ions only of the same charge as the second ions, and (c) transporting ions across the first barrier by applying an electrical potential (52, 54) through said first and second zones and a base-containing aqueous solution in the other one which may be combined to form a salt (62). Also electrolytic apparatus for performing the above method. The product solutions can be used as an element for a chromato graphic separation medium (70). The element can be regenerated in order to reuse the ions by means of a membrane suppressor (74).
摘要:
Apparatus and method for treating a liquid sample stream including at least one analyte ion species and matrix ion species of opposite charge to said one analyte ion species. The liquid sample stream flows through a treatment channel. A carrier liquid stream including a matrix ion species capture material flows substantially parallel to the sample stream in the treatment channel forms a liquid interface between them. The matrix ion species diffuses through the interface to contact and become bound by the capture material in said carrier liquid.
摘要:
A foul-resistant, flow-through capacitor, a system employing the capacitor and a method of separation is disclosed wherein the capacitor has at least one anode and cathode electrode pair (1). The electrodes (1) are formed of high surface area, electrically conductive material (1) and have an open, preferably straight, fluid flow-through path. Typically, the flow path is formed by a plurality of straight, parallel, spaced apart electrodes (1) with the flow path not greater than the X-Y-Z distance components of the capacitor. The flow-through capacitor avoids fouling in use and may be employed with saturated waste or other streams.
摘要:
An ion chromatography apparatus and method is provided using a frequently regenerated batch-type suppressor. Preferably, the suppressor is regenerated after every measurement. Regeneration can also occur prior to substantial (50 %) exhaustion or on a time-basis (10 % ... 50 % of measurement time). The suppressor requires only a small quantity of ion exchange material, about 5 % ... 100 % of separation column volume or 10 ... 20 times of separation column ion exchange capacity.
摘要:
An integrated suppressor and detector (16) for suppressed ion chromatography includes a stationary phase (39), a fluid flow path, at least first and second regeneration electrodes (37, 38), and at least first and second sensor electrodes (30, 32). Methods of suppressed ion chromatography using the integrated suppressor and detector (16) are also described.
摘要:
Method and apparatus for generating an acid or base, e.g., for chromatographic analysis of ions. For generating a base, a cation source, such as a salt, cation hydroxide or cation exchange resin, is provided in a cation reservoir (10) separated from a base generation chamber (12) by a permselective barrier (14). An aqueous stream (21) flows through the base generation chamber (12) containing a cation exchange material (19). An electric potential is applied between an anode (16) in the cation source reservoir (10) and a cathode (18) in the base generation chamber (12) to electrolytically generate hydroxide ions and cause cations in the reservoir (10) to electromigrate through the barrier (14) toward the cathode (18) to combine with the migrated cations to form cation hydroxide, which flows from the base generation chamber (12).
摘要:
Method and apparatus for generating an acid or base, e.g., for chromatographic analysis of ions. For generating a base, a cation source, such as a salt, cation hydroxide or cation exchange resin, is provided in a cation reservoir (10) separated from a base generation chamber (12) by a permselective barrier (14). An aqueous stream (21) flows through the base generation chamber (12) containing a cation exchange material (19). An electric potential is applied between an anode (16) in the cation source reservoir (10) and a cathode (18) in the base generation chamber (12) to electrolytically generate hydroxide ions and cause cations in the reservoir (10) to electromigrate through the barrier (14) toward the cathode (18) to combine with the migrated cations to form cation hydroxide, which flows from the base generation chamber (12).
摘要:
An osteosynthesis aid, useful in particular for pelvic fixation, has two nail or screw holding clamps (2, 3). Socket joints (4, 5) are linked to these holding clamps (2, 3) and fixing devices (6, 7) are in turn linked to the socket joints (4, 5) and hold a central body (1). The central body is formed by two yokes (8, 9) having each an elongated opening (10, 11) through which a stopping device (12) which acts as a joint and fixing device is passed.