摘要:
A method of investigating an object, comprising the steps of: (a) irradiating the object with an optically-generated pulse of electromagnetic radiation, said pulse having a plurality of frequencies in the range from 100 GHz to 100 THz; (b) detecting radiation transmitted and/or reflected from a first point on or within the object to obtain a time domain waveform;
wherein the irradiating pulse of radiation is focussed at a second point on or within the object.
摘要:
A method of investigating a sample (breast tissue) (27), the sample comprising at least a first material (normal breast tissue) in order to determine they presence of at least one further material (cancerous tissue), the method comprising the steps of: Irradiating the sample with electromagnetic radiation in the range from 25GHz to 100THz; Detecting radiation reflected from the sample; Determining a parameter related to the amplitude of the radiation, which is reflected from the sample, in the time domain; Analysing the parameter derived in step (c) in order to determine if the sample further comprises the at least one further material wherein the irradiating and reflected radiation passes through a (z-cut quartz) window member (43) having a refractive index that falls between the refractive indices of the at least first and at least one further materials
摘要:
A method of quantitatively analysing a sample, the method comprising: irradiating the sample with radiation having a plurality of frequencies in the range from 25 GHz to 100 THz; detecting radiation reflected from and/or transmitted by said sample to obtain a frequency domain waveform of said sample; identifying at least one section of interest of said frequency domain waveform containing spectral features due to intermolecular or other non-intramolecular excitations; and obtaining a value related to the concentration of a component of the sample from the said section.
摘要:
An antenna comprising a photoconductive material (61) and a plurality of spaced apart electrodes (69, 71) provided on said photoconductive material (61), each electrode (69, 71) having at least one facing edge which faces a facing edge of an adjacent electrode, a physical barrier (67) being provided abutting a facing edge of at least one electrode (69, 71), said barrier (67) extending to at least the full height of said facing edge.
摘要:
A method for investigating the macromolecular structure of a molecular sample, the method comprising irradiating the sample with radiation having a plurality of frequencies in the range from 25GHz to 20THz; detecting radiation reflected from and/or transmitted by said sample to obtain a spectra of the sample; and identifying structure in the resultant spectra which arises from intermolecular interactions.
摘要:
A method of imaging a sample, the method comprising: (a) irradiating a sample with a pulse of electromagnetic radiation, said pulse having a plurality of frequencies in the range from 25 GHz to 100 THz; (b) determining a first parameter related to the amplitude of the radiation, which is either reflected from and/or transmitted by the sample, in the time domain; (c) calculating the value of the first parameter at a first time value relative to the value of the first parameter at a second time value which coincides with a physical feature of the dataset of the first parameter with respect to time; and (d) generating an image by plotting the value calculated in step (c) for different points of the sample.
摘要:
An apparatus and method for imaging a sample, the apparatus comprising: a source for irradiating a sample with a beam of substantially continuous electromagnetic radiation having a frequency in the range 25GHz to 100THz; means for subdividing an area of the sample which is to be imaged into a two dimensional array of pixels; means for detecting radiation from each pixel wherein the detector is configured to detect a phase dependent quantity of the detected radiation which is measured relative to the radiation which irradiates the sample.
摘要:
A range of technique for investigating a sample such as obtaining images and/or spectral information are described. The techniques include a method for deriving structural information about a sample as a continuous function of the depth below the surface of the sample, a method for evaluating a part of the structure of a sample located between two interfaces within the sample, and a contrast enhancing method and apparatus which has a quick image acquisition time.