摘要:
Self-cleaning apparatus and methods are disclosed for handling viscous fluids, such as thick solid-liquid slurries of lignocellulosic biomass and its components, under high pressure, using an array of retractable valves.
摘要:
A process for fractionating a biomass comprises: (a) feeding a slurry comprising a biomass in a first fluid comprising water and a C 1 -C 5 alcohol, a second fluid comprising water and a C 1 -C 5 alcohol, and optionally a third fluid to a reactor, wherein the biomass, first fluid, second fluid, and optional third fluid form a reactant mixture; (b) maintaining the reactant mixture in the reactor at a first temperature and first pressure for a first time period, wherein the C 1 -C 5 alcohol is supercritical at the first temperature and first pressure, and wherein a reaction occurs; (c) quenching the reaction, wherein one or more reaction product mixtures comprising one or more fractionated products are produced; and (d) recovering one or more fractionated products from the one or more reaction product mixtures.
摘要:
A method for the continuous treatment of biomass is disclosed comprising: a pretreatment step, wherein said biomass is contacted with a first supercritical, near-critical, or sub-critical fluid to form a solid matrix and a first liquid fraction; wherein said first supercritical, near-critical, or sub-critical fluid comprises water and, optionally, CO 2 ; and wherein said first supercritical, near-critical, or sub-critical fluid is substantially free of C 1 -C 5 alcohol; and a hydrolysis step, wherein said solid matrix is contacted with a second supercritical or near-supercritical fluid to produce a second liquid fraction and a insoluble lignin-containing fraction; wherein said second supercritical or near-critical fluid comprises water and, optionally, CO 2 ; and wherein said second supercritical or near-critical fluid is substantially free of C 1 -C 5 alcohols.
摘要:
Admixtures comprising an adhesive resin and cellulose are disclosed, in which at least a portion of the cellulose is type-II cellulose. Also disclosed are compositions comprising adhesive resins, in which the adhesive resins comprise a condensation product of formaldehyde and at least one phenolic compound, and the condensation product is formed in the presence of cellulose, wherein at least a portion of the cellulose is type-II cellulose. Articles of manufacture containing the admixtures and compositions, such as plywood and oriented strand board, are also disclosed. In addition, methods of preparing the compositions and articles of manufacture are disclosed.
摘要:
Admixtures comprising an adhesive resin and cellulose are disclosed, in which at least a portion of the cellulose is type-II cellulose. Also disclosed are compositions comprising adhesive resins, in which the adhesive resins comprise a condensation product of formaldehyde and at least one phenolic compound, and the condensation product is formed in the presence of cellulose, wherein at least a portion of the cellulose is type-II cellulose. Articles of manufacture containing the admixtures and compositions, such as plywood and oriented strand board, are also disclosed. In addition, methods of preparing the compositions and articles of manufacture are disclosed.
摘要:
The present invention describes a process for a controlled conversion of a biomass feedstock, wherein the process comprises the steps of: loading the biomass feedstock to at least one reactor; liquefaction of the biomass feedstock into a monomer and/or oligomer sugar mixture in said reactor by treatment in hot compressed liquid water (HCW) at sub- and/or super-critical condition; and removal of the monomer and/or oligomer sugar mixture, being the product molecules, to avoid continued detrimental decomposition.