摘要:
A crystalline ceramic oxide of the general formula (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7), (8), (9), or (10):
A x B y O 3-δ , (1)
A x A' x' B y B' y' O 3-δ , (2)
and
A x A' x' A'' x'' B y B' y' B'' y'' O 3-δ , (3)
A 2 BO 4-δ (4)
A 2 B 2 O 5-δ (5)
AO(ABO 3-δ ) n (6)
AM 2 Cu 3 O 7-δ (7)
Bi 4 V 2(1-x) Me 2x O 11-3x , (8)
A'B'O 3 (9)
where B' is W or Mo;
A 2 B 2 O 7-δ , (10)
and combinations thereof, wherein:
A is a cation of atoms having atomic numbers ranging from 57-71, inclusive, a cation of yttrium, cations of Groups 1 and 2 atoms, and combination thereof; B is a cation of a d-block transition metal; A' is a cation of Na or Li; M is a metal cation selected from cations of Group 2 atoms; Me is a metal cation of Cu, Bi, and Co atoms; x ranges from 0.01 to 1.00; and δ ranges from 0.05 to 0.30 are useful as sorbents of oxygen and catalysts of the reaction between a hydrocarbon and oxygen to form carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The compounds (1) - (10) may also function as active supports for binary metal oxides to enhance the oxygen sorption/desorption capacity of the composites. One group of composite materials comprise components (A) and (B), wherein component (A) is selected from compounds of general formulas (1) through (10), inclusive, and combinations thereof, and component (B) comprises a metal selected from rhodium (Rh), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), nickel (Ni) and silver (Ag), and combinations and alloys of these metals.
摘要:
An improved method for preparing various sorbent shapes such as beads for use in gas separation processes is disclosed. Highly siliceous nanoporous materials in their crystalline powder form are stabilized by thermal pretreatment prior to their contact with a mineral binder. The resulting sorbent shapes maintain their crystalline structure particularly when the pH value of the mineral binder in its aqueous suspension is greater than 10. The sorbent beads that result from this process, are especially suitable for the separation of gaseous low-molecular-weight hydrocarbons such as paraffins, olefins, and their mixtures from carbon dioxide in wet atmospheres.
摘要:
The present invention provides for methods and compositions for gas separation and purification utilizing a metallo-organic polymer adsorbent in processes for separating carbon dioxide, water, nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons from gas streams. The metallo-organic polymer adsorbent composition has the formula:[R(L) n ] m M n , wherein R represents an organic spacer selected from the group consisting of an organic cyclic or acyclic compound; L represents a ligation group substituted on the organic spacer selected from the group consisting of carboxylate group, -C(=O)O - ; dithiocarboxylate group, -C(=S)S - ; and β-diketonate group, -C(=O)C(R')=C(-O - )-, wherein R' = H, or an aliphatic or aromatic group; M represents a transition metal or a rare earth metal m is the oxidation state of the transition or rare earth metal; and n is the number of the ligation group substituted on the organic spacer.
摘要:
Zeolites exchanged with lithium, caesium or rubidium cations and polyvalent cations (e.g. pure earths or Group III cation) are prepared by first partially ion-exchanging a sodium-containing zeolite, a potassium-containing zeolite or a sodium- and potassium-containing zeolite with polyvalent cations, then heat-treating the partially polyvalent cation-exchanged zeolite, then ion exchanging the heat-treated zeolite with ammonium cations, and then reacting the ammonium cation-exchanged zeolite with a water-soluble lithium compound under conditions which result in the removal of ammonia from the reaction zone.
摘要:
The present invention provides for novel solid state O 2 -selective metal complex-based adsorbents and their utility for separating oxygen from a gas stream. In particular, the invention provides for an adsorption complex which contains four-coordinate O 2 -selective metal complexes including oligomeric/polymeric metal complexes, and organic base-containing polymers supported on porous materials. Examples of adsorbents according to the invention include (i) a composition of poly (4-vinylpyricline-co-styrene) and bis (3,5-di- tert -butylsalicylidene)-1,2- (1,2-dicyanoacetylene) diamino cobalt ((II) and (ii)) a composition of poly (4-vinylpyricline- co -styrene), silica gel, and bis (salicylidene)-12-ethylenediaminocobalt (II)
摘要:
Zeolites exchanged with lithium ions and, optionally, with polyvalent cations are prepared by ion-exchanging a sodium-containing zeolite, a potassium-containing zeolite or a sodium- and potassium-containing zeolite with ammonium ions, thereby replacing the sodium and/or potassium ions with ammonium ions, and then reacting the ammonium ion-exchanged zeolite with a water-soluble lithium compound under conditions which result in the removal of ammonia from the reaction zone. Polyvalent ions, which may be present in the zeolite undergoing ion-exchange, will not be substantially replaced by the ammonium or lithium ions.
摘要:
Carbon dioxide is removed from a gas stream by passing the gas stream through a bed of natural or synthetic clinoptilolite or their chemically-modified derivatives. This method is particularly advantageous when applied to the removal of ppm levels of carbon dioxide from gas streams at temperatures above 20°C, and finds application in the purification of air upstream of its separation by cryogenic distillation with preliminary refrigeration step upstream of the purification.
摘要:
An improved method for preparing various sorbent shapes such as beads for use in gas separation processes is disclosed. Highly siliceous nanoporous materials in their crystalline powder form are stabilized by thermal pretreatment prior to their contact with a mineral binder. The resulting sorbent shapes maintain their crystalline structure particularly when the pH value of the mineral binder in its aqueous suspension is greater than 10. The sorbent beads that result from this process, are especially suitable for the separation of gaseous low-molecular-weight hydrocarbons such as paraffins, olefins, and their mixtures from carbon dioxide in wet atmospheres.