摘要:
A display subsystem having a graphics capability includes a bit map memory for storing bits, each bit representing a displayed pixel. A read only memory stores words, each word representative of a pixel of a selected pattern which is used to fill out an area of the display thereby clearly identifying adjacent areas of the display to the operator. The selected patterns are displayed in a REPLACE, an OR or an EXCLUSIVE OR mode of operation.
摘要:
57 A computer system is described wherein two independent processors communicate via a bus system and operate substantially concurrently, each computer having its own operating system software and share a common memory. The architecture of the computer system is such that one of the processors is allocated the bulk of memory band-width with the other processor taking the remainder. Arbitration for memory allocation is accomplished via a combination of a new firmware instruction and a semaphore.
摘要:
A chip implemented in new technology is designed to include expandable levels of new functionality. The chip includes compatibility circuits which connect to a number of pins which are unused in the chip it replaces in an existing computer system. The compatibility circuits connect to those internal parts of the new chip that contain the newly added or altered levels of functionality. The new chip is installed in the existing computer system just as the prior chip. When so installed, the compatibility circuits enable the new chip to operate in the same manner as the replaced chip but at high speed and with improved performance. When the new chip is installed in the system for which it was designed, the compatibility circuits enable the chip to operate with a selectable level of new functionality at the same higher speed and improved performance.
摘要:
The invention pertains to a computer display system for displaying text and graphics on a scan line basis wherein a scan line windowing apparatus for selectively blanking the graphics display is provided. A bit map memory, in addition to storing information to be displayed on a CRT, further stores a bit for each scan line which is utilized to control the enabling or disabling of a portion of the information in the bit map memory which is to be displayed on the CRT.
摘要:
A disk drive of a mass storage subsystem includes areas on a disk surface wherein a vendor-generated defective sector log, a software-generated defective sector log and an alternate sector log are stored. A random access memory (RAM) stores a copy of the defective sector logs. During a seek operation, firmware tests the defective sector logs in RAM to generate the alternate sector log for that cylinder number. During the read or write operation, the alternate sector log is checked before processing the sector to determine if it is a defective sector. If the sector is defective, the head is positioned to another cylinder at a head and sector address read from the alternate sector log.
摘要:
A track of a disk device is formatted on a single revolution of the disk by using a read only memory (ROM) to store control codes and a random access memory (RAM) to store address field and data field bytes. A DMA controller simultaneously addresses ROM and RAM. Control codes are read into a control first in-first out memory and data codes are read into a data first in-first out memory. The control codes are applied to a decoder whose output signals control cyclic redundancy check and error detection and correction logic as well as the data first in-first out memory. The serial output from both the data first in-first out memory and the cyclic redundancy check logic are written on disk track.
摘要:
A data processing system having a central processing unit (CPU) capable of performing binary and decimal arithmetic software instructions is described. The CPU includes a microprocessor which executes the binary arithmetic software instructions under firmware control. The CPU also includes commercial instruction logic which is used in conjunction with the microprocessor to execute decimal arithmetic operations. The commercial instruction logic also operates under firmware control with the addressing of the firmware microinstructions being controlled by the microprocessor. Also disclosed is the method by which the CPU performs decimal addition, subtraction, multiplication and division arithmetic operations and the method used to convert a number in a binary format to a number in a decimal format and the method used to convert a number in a decimal format to a number in a binary format.
摘要:
An input/output multiplexer 20 couples a central subsystem 3 to peripheral subsystems 4 containing several units. Information flows from the central subsystem to the peripheral subsystems through a central subsystem data distributor 21, a switch 25, and a peripheral subsystems access controller 26; and in the reverse direction through a peripheral subsystems data controller 27, a channel service processor 28, a switch 29, and a central subsystem access controller 20. Information relating to different subsystems can be at different stages in its passage simultaneously. A control word processor 24 and scratch pad memory 31 stores files from the central subsystem and prepares real addresses, and the channel service processor 28 obtains these addresses, in response to signals from the peripheral subsystems, and incorporates them in the information flowing to the central subsystem.
摘要:
A priority resolution circuit has four flip-flops CPF, SIF, CIF, and FIF for the four possible requesting units. Setting a low priority flip-flop, e.g. CPF, prevents later setting of a higher priority one by gates 33 to 35, but a high priority one can be set substantially simultaneously with a low priority one. Output gates CPG, SIG, CIG, select the highest priority flip-flop which is set. The setting of any flip-flop fires a timing circuit by pulse TCF, and this enables the gates CPG, SIG, CIG by pulse CLR after all possible transients have decayed. The timing circuit may have its timing controlled by the selected unit (CPU, SIP, CIP, or MBA) via a selector controlled by the flip-flops CPF, SIF, CIF, and FIF.
摘要:
A cache memory comprises a directory 202 and a data store 201. The n-bit portion of a desired address from an associated CPU selects a location in directory 202, and the m-bit address portions in the 4 levels I to IV of that location are compared at 203 with the m-bit portion of the desired address. On a match, the corresponding level of the corresponding location of the data store 201 is accessed to access the desired word. The cache words should mirror the contents of the main memory, but the latter may be changed by e.g. another CPU or an IOC, and the resulting invalid addresses must be cleared from the cache memory. This is done by searching the directory 202 for an invalid address during the second half of a cache cycle, after the directory has been searched to determine whether the desired word is in the cache and while that desired word is being accessed in the cache store 201. If an invalid address is found, the second half of the next cache cycle is used to clear it from the cache, by resetting the full/empty indicator in the directory control portion C for that level and that location.