摘要:
A method of fracturing a subterranean formation with a stabilised foamed fracturing fluid comprising from about 30 percent to in excess of about 95 percent by volume of carbon dioxide, with the remainder comprising a substantially anhydrous liquid and a selected surfactant. The foam is formed in situ by injection of a stabilised liquid-liquid emulsion containing liquid carbon dioxide into a well bore penetrating the formation. The temperature and pressure of the emulsion is controlled to maintain the carbon dioxide in the liquid phase during injection into the well bore. Thereafter, the carbon dioxide is heated by the subterranean formation to a temperature above about 88°F (31°C) at which time the stabilised emulsion spontaneously forms a high quality stabilised foam.
摘要:
Methods and systems of fracturing subterranean formations are provided comprising pumping metacritical phase natural gas into a subterranean formation to create or extend one or more fissures in the formation. Methods and systems may further comprise maintaining or increasing pressure of the metacritical phase natural gas in the formation by pumping more metacritical phase natural gas into the fissures to hold the fissures open. Methods and systems may further comprise delivering a proppant into the subterranean formation. Disclosed methods and systems may be used to extract hydrocarbons from subterranean formations without the use of liquids. Methods and systems of delivering proppant comprise providing a non-aqueous liquid, adding a surfactant to the non-aqueous liquid, adding a proppant to the non-aqueous liquid to form a non-aqueous liquid, surfactant and proppant stream, pumping to pressure the non-aqueous liquid, surfactant and proppant stream, using pressurized natural gas to energize the non-aqueous liquid, surfactant and proppant stream, and delivering the energized non-aqueous liquid, surfactant and proppant stream into a subterranean formation. Methods of recovering proppant delivery liquid are also provided.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a foam containing water, between 5 and 30 wt % on total weight of the foam of a chelating agent selected from the group of glutamic aid N,N-diacetic acid or a salt thereof (GLDA), aspartic acid N,N-diacetic acid or a salt thereof (ASDA), methylglycine N,N-diacetic acid or a salt thereof (MGDA), N-hydroxyethyl ethylenediamine-N,N′,N′-triacetic acid or a salt thereof (HEDTA), a foaming agent, and at least 25 vol % on total volume of the foam of a gas, and having a pH of between 2 and 5, to a viscosified composition containing water, between 5 and 30 wt % on total volume of the composition of a chelating agent selected from the group of glutamic aid N,N-diacetic acid or a salt thereof (GLDA), aspartic acid N,N-diacetic acid or a salt thereof (ASDA), methylglycine N,N-diacetic acid or a salt thereof (MGDA), N-hydroxyethyl ethylenediamine-N,N′,N′-triacetic acid or a salt thereof (HEDTA), and at least 0.01 wt % on total weight of the composition of a viscosifying agent, and having a pH of between 2 and 5, and to a process for treating a subterranean formation comprising introducing the above foam or viscosified composition into the formation.
摘要:
The present invention is directed to the use of alkylalkoxysulfonates for the production of foams, which are stable at high temperatures, e.g. up to about 250 °C. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing of high temperature stable foams by using a foamable aqueous composition comprising at least one linear alkylalkoxysulfonate.
摘要:
A composition for providing a stable foam with high tolerance to hydrocarbons includes (a) an aqueous liquid; (b) at least one water soluble or dispersible silicon- containing polyether foamant contained within the aqueous liquid; and (c) a non-aqueous liquid. The aqueous liquid includes water and brine. The non-aqueous liquid includes liquid hydrocarbons.