摘要:
In one embodiment, provided is a fuel cell with an anode comparment and a cathode compartment comprising: in the anode compartment, an anode electrode andone or more dehydrogenase enzymes effective to tranfer electrons from a C1 compound comprising carbon, oxygen and hydrogen (optionally consisting of carbon, oxygen and hydrogen) to electron carrier(s), and wherein or further comprising one of the following: (i) the elctron carrier(s) are selected to operate with the dehydrogenase enzymes and to be effective to deliver electrons to the anode electrode, (ii) the electron carrier(s) are selected to operate with the dehydrogenase enzymes and to be effective to deliver electrons to the anode electrode, wherein the anode compartment further comprises the electron transfer mediator(s), (iii) the electron carrier(s) are selected to operate with the dehydrogenase enzymes and to be effective to deliver electrons to a redox enzyme, the redox enzyme is selected to be effective to deliver elctrons to second electron carrier(s), the second electron carrier(s) selected to be effective to deliver electrons to the anode electrode, wherein the anode compartment furthe r comprises the redox enzyme, second electron carrier(s) and electron transfer mediator(s); in the cathode compartment, a cathode eletrode which, when a conductive pathway to the first electrode is formed, is effective to convey the electrons to an electron acceptor compositon in the cathode compartment; and a barrier separating the anode compartment form the cathdoe compartemtn but effective to convey protons from the anode compartment to the cathode compartment.
摘要:
A high performance ionomer assisted electrolytic cell electrode structure is provided. Such structures operate effectively at catalyst loadings as low as 0.10 mg/cm2 and demonstrate increased structural integrity without ionomer degradation. The inventive structure comprises a hydrated ion exchange membrane having a first surface and a second surface and at least one catalyst ionomer layer bonded to the first and/or second surface of the membrane that comprises hydrated and swollen ionomer solids bonded to discrete catalyst particles.
摘要:
Disclosed is an improved electrode suitable for the electrochemical regeneration of the co-enzymes NADH and NADPH. The electrode has imparted on its surface a mediator function which is a 3-phenylimino-3 H -phenothiazine or a 3-phenylimino-3 H -phenoxazine. Also disclosed is a method of improving the performance of a biochemical fuel cell which operates with a dehydrogenase as a catalyst and a co-enzyme as the energy-transferring redox couple which involves using the improved electrode in the fuel cell.
摘要:
A high performance ionomer assisted electrolytic cell electrode structure is provided. Such structures operate effectively at catalyst loadings as low as 0.10 mg/cm2 and demonstrate increased structural integrity without ionomer degradation. The inventive structure comprises a hydrated ion exchange membrane having a first surface and a second surface and at least one catalyst ionomer layer bonded to the first and/or second surface of the membrane that comprises hydrated and swollen ionomer solids bonded to discrete catalyst particles.
摘要:
Electrodes à diffusion gazeuse (12) et cellules (10) électrochimiques générant ou consommant du gaz utilisant les mêmes électrodes. L'électrode (12) inclut un corps poreux électroniquement conducteur et électrochimiquement actif, définissant des surfaces de contact respectives avec le gaz et l'électrolyte (15, 17), une couche ionomère imperméable au gaz ioniquement conductrice recouvrant la surface de contact de l'électrolyte (17). La couche se compose d'une couche de polymère ionique hydrophile appliquée directement à la surface de contact de l'électrolyte (17) et d'une membrane d'une résine hydrophile d'échange d'ion recouvrant la couche polymère.
摘要:
Improved catalysts for the reduction of oxyhalide depolarizers such as SOCl2 and SO2Cl2 in active-metal non-aqueous cells are provided which are easier to prepare and less expensive than phthalocyanine complexes and which are generally more stable in the cell environment. These catalysts include certain macrocyclic complexes of Schiff's base prepared by the reaction of an aldehyde with a primary diamine. The preferred embodiments include mononuclear metal macrocyclic complexes made from salicylaldehyde and o-phenylenediamine and binuclear metal macrocyclic complexes of 5-methyl isophthalaldehyde and 1,3-diaminopropane.
摘要:
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kohlenstoff enthaltenden Elektroden für stromerzeugende und/oder stromspeichernde Zellen, das dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß man kohlenstoffhaltiges Material mit Vinylpolymer enthaltendem Material vermischt und sodann die entstandene Mischung auf eine solche Temperatur erhitzt und/oder vorher, gleichzeitig oder anschließend, einem solchen Druck aussetzt, bei dem bzw. denen mindestens eine chemische Veränderung (stoffliche Veränderung) des Vinylpolymers eintritt.