Abstract:
A chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) composition comprising a specific heteropolyacid Abstract A chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP) composition comprising: (A) inorganic particles, organic particles, or a mixture thereof, (B) a heteropolyacid of the formula HaXbPsMOyVzOc wherein X = any cation other than H 8 0 and a > 0 (formula I) or a salt thereof, and, (C) an aqueous medium.
Abstract:
Electrodes, comprising (A) a solid medium through which gas can diffuse, (B) at least one electrically conductive, carbonaceous material, (C) at least one organic polymer, (D) at least one compound of the general formula (I) M 1 a M 2 b M 3 d H e O f (I) in particulate form, where the variables are each defined as follows: M 1 is selected from Mo, W, V, Nb and Sb, M 2 is selected from Fe, Ag, Cu, Ni, Mn and lanthanoids, M 3 is selected from B, C, N, Al, Si, P and Sn, M 4 is selected from Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, NH 4 , Mg, Ca and Sr, a is in the range from 1 to 3, b is in the range from 0.1 to 10, c is in the range from zero to one, d is in the range from zero to one, e is in the range from zero to 5, f is in the range from 1 to 28, and wherein compound of the general formula (I) has a BET surface area in the range from 1 to 300 m2/g.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a catalyst for gas-phase oxidations, comprising an inert substrate and a catalytically active mass applied thereon, said mass containing vanadium oxide and titanium dioxide. The titanium dioxide has a content of sulfur compounds, calculated as S, of less than 1000 ppm and a content of calcium compounds, calculated as Ca, of less than 150 ppm. The catalyst has a higher activity and/or selectivity and thus enables higher yields of the desired target product, e.g., phthalic anhydride. The invention also relates to a method for producing phthalic anhydride, wherein a gas flow that contains molecular oxygen and o-xylene, naphthalene, or mixtures thereof, is brought into contact with the catalyst.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing nanoscale metal oxide-filled polymers. Said method is characterized by the following steps: a) producing a nanosuspension of one or more crystalline metal oxides, metal hydroxides or metal oxide hydroxides by heating a suspension of one or more compounds containing the corresponding metals in a first polymerizable compound to a temperature higher than the boiling point of water at process temperature and lower than the boiling temperature of the first polymerizable compound and also lower than the temperature at which polymerization of the first polymerizable compound begins, in the presence of water in an amount corresponding to 1 to 10 oxygen atoms per metal atom of the compound or of the compounds containing the corresponding metals, and b) polymerization of the first polymerizable compound under the conditions of temperature and pressure conventional for the first polymerizable compound.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to methods for the production of surface-modified, nanoparticulate particles of at least one metal oxide, metal hydroxide and/or metal oxyhydroxide and of aqueous suspensions of said particles. The invention also relates to the surface-modified, nanoparticulate particles of at least one metal oxide, metal hydroxide and/or metal oxyhydroxide and to the aqueous suspensions of said particles which can be obtained by these methods and their use for cosmetic sunscreen preparations, as stabilisers in plastics and as active antimicrobial active substance.