摘要:
The present invention relates to a method for introducing a foaming composition including an imidazoline-based compound to a fluid. The foaming composition comprises at least one quaternized compound having an imidazoline moiety. An example of the quaternized compound is a quaternized imidazoline.
摘要:
A method of altering the wettability of a subterranean formation comprising the steps of providing a fluid with a FEA; introducing the fluid into a subterranean formation whereby the wettability of the formation is altered, wherein the FEA is selected from a group consisting of organosiloxane, organosilane, fluoro-organosiloxane, fluoro-organosilane, and fluorocarbon compounds.
摘要:
Methods to enhance biogenic gas production in an anaerobic geologic formation containing carbonaceous material are described. The methods may include the steps of accessing the anaerobic formation, increasing a rate of production of the biogenic gases in the anaerobic formation, and flowing formation water within the anaerobic formation after the increase in the production of biogenic gases. Also described are methods to redistribute formation water in an anaerobic geologic formation containing carbonaceous material. The methods may include the steps of locating a reservoir of the formation water within the anaerobic formation, forming at least one channel between the reservoir and at least a portion of the carbonaceous material, and transporting the formation water from the reservoir to the carbonaceous material through the channel. Further described are methods of accumulating biogenic gas in an anaerobic geologic formation to enhance biogenic gas production.
摘要:
Generating heat within a combination solvent/acid system removes undesirable deposits from petroleum reservoir formations (especially the near well-bore region), oilfield equipment, and petroleum processing equipment. An exothermic reaction occurs between the solvent and the acid and the heat evolved helps remove organic solid deposits. The acids may include organic acid compounds, such as sulfonic acids, sulfuric acid and nitric acid. The solvents may include terpene- and terpene-derivative-containing solvents, including, but not necessarily limited to, limonene, pinene, dipentene, myrcene, turpentines and compounds having at least one double bond, such as methyl furan, dienes, styrene, vinyl acetate and the like. The exothermic reaction produces a great amount of heat, and together with using certain acids and solvents already known as effective to remove paraffin and asphaltene deposition, removing such deposits is improved.
摘要:
An electric plasma arc apparatus and method produces nitrogen compounds, solely using ambient air extracted in proximity to the apparatus. The nitrogen compounds are brought into contact with a water processing system, forming nitrate on-site. Hydrogen sulfide present in the water processing system is removed, and the production of hydrogen sulfide by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) is eliminated by introducing nitrate into the system, whereby denitrifying microorganisms, using the nitrate, outcompete the sulfate- reducing bacteria for the available carbon nutrients, thus preventing the SRB from producing hydrogen sulfide. Nitrate ions generated in the water processing system which contains the denitrifying microorganisms can enhance oil recovery by means of microbial enhanced oil recovery mechanisms. Further, the electric plasma arc apparatus and methodology eliminate major costs of conventional treatment techniques, including the transportation and storage of nitrate and the need for a continuous supply of natural gas and water.
摘要:
A method and system for production of biogenerated gas from a zone in a reservoir are described. Microbial conversion of petroleum in the zone to biogenerated gas is stimulated. The biogenerated gas can be, for example, methane, hydrogen or carbon dioxide, or another gas. Gas including the biogenerated gas is produced from the zone to surface. While producing the gas, production parameters are monitored including reservoir pressure and an isotopic composition of the produced gas. Based on the monitored production parameters, at least one of stimulation of the microbial conversion to control the composition of the produced gas or gas saturation in the zone to control mobility of the biogenerated methane is adjusted.