摘要:
Mit der Erfindung wird eine Einrichtung zum Prüfen von Anhängerkupplungen, welche über eine an der Deichsel eines Anhängers angebrachte Zugöse eine Zugkraft auf den Anhänger übertragen, unter betriebsähnlichen Belastungsbedingungen, vorzugsweise unter Einschluß der Anhängerkupplungs-Befestigungskonstruktion, insbesondere des Schlußquerträgers, an dem die Anhängerkupplung befestigt ist, und gegebenenfalls von Rahmenteilen, die an den Schlußquerträger angrenzen, zur Verfügung gestellt. Eine Längskrafterzeugungseinrichtung (7), welche eine in der Zugkraftwirkungsrichtung der Verbindung zwischen der Anhängerkupplung (3) und der Zugöse (6) wirkende Längskraft erzeugt, und eine Vertikalkrafterzeugungseinrichtung (8), welche eine senkrecht oder angenähert senkrecht zu der Zugkraftwirkungsrichtung verlaufende Vertikalkraft erzeugt, sind an ein Kraftübertragungs-Verbindungsteil (9), an dem die Zugöse befestigbar ist, die mit der Anhängerkupplung verbunden ist, angekoppelt. Die Ankopplung ist derart, daß sich die Wirkungsrichtung der von der Vertikalkrafterzeugungseinrichtung auf das Kraftübertragungs-Verbindungsteil ausgeübten Vertikalkraft und die Wirkungsrichtung der von der Längskrafterzeugungseinrichtung auf das Kraftübertragungs-Verbindungsteil ausgeübten Längskraft in der Befestigungsstelle (B), an welcher die Zugöse an der Anhängerkupplung befestigt ist, schneiden.
摘要:
An improved system for and method of precisely controlling the temperature at a predetermined location at a preselected temperature selected from a range of temperatures is described. The preferred system for carrying out the preferred method includes a mixing valve for separating a fluid stream into first and second component streams and adjustable in response to a first control signal so as to control the amount of separation of first and second component streams. The preferred system also includes a heater for heating the first component stream in response to a second control signal, a first evaporator for cooling the second component stream and a conduit for combining the heated and cooled component streams so as to provide a mixed stream to the predetermined location. The first and second control signals are provided as a function of the preselected temperature, the temperature of the heated first component stream, the temperature of the mixed stream and the temperature at said predetermined location. The system is also preferably provided with a second evaporator for recooling the mixed stream as it is recirculated if the temperature at the predetermined location does not drop below some predetermined level. The second evaporator provides partial recooling of the mixed stream when the temperature difference between the preselected temperature and the temperature at the predetermined location is below some preselected value and maximum recooling when above the preselected value so long as the temperature at the predetermined location does not drop below the predetermined level.
摘要:
A method of monitoring the efficiency of a liquid pump (10) uses the temperature drop across the pump (10). Closely matching thermocouple junctions (13,14) of copper/constantan from the same respective alloy batches are bonded to suction and discharge conduits (11,12) using a low-viscosity "super-glue" to attain close thermal coupling. Each thermocouple junction (13,14) is thermally insulated by covering with a silicone rubber diaphragm (18) the rim of which is attached to the conduit by adhesive to enclose the junction in an air-tight pocket (17). Further thermal insulating and protective boxes (19) enclose the diaphragms (18). The thermocouple output is connected by copper wire to a thermally insulated voltage measuring instrument (16). The method produces useful accuracy for relatively low cost.
摘要:
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Einrichtung zur Funktionsüberprüfung einer mit mindestens einer mechanischen Feder (4) ausgerüsteten Hängevorrichtung für eine Last. Insbesondere handelt es sich um einen Federhänger oder einen Konstanthänger (1) zum Halten einer Rohrleitung an einer Gebäudestruktur in einem Kraftwerk. Es ist vorgesehen, daß die Last von der Hängevorrichtung gelöst und während der Funktionsüberprüfung durch andere Vorrichtungen gehalten wird. Mit der zu überprüfenden Hängevorrichtung wird dann eine Hydraulikvorrichtung (7) verbunden, durch die die Feder (4) der Hängevorrichtung gedehnt wird. Mit der Hydraulikvorrichtung (7) ist ein Druckaufnehmer und ein Schreiber verbunden. Außerdem weist die Hydraulikvorrichtung (7) markierte Meßpunkte auf. Beispielsweise steht mit einer Hydraulikvorrichtung (15) ein Kraftaufnehmer (14) und ein Wegaufnehmer (18) in Verbindung. Aus der benötigten Kraft zur Dehnung der Feder (4) wird die Federkonstante bestimmt. Aus der Federkonstante ist ein Hinweis auf die Funktionsfähigkeit der Hängevorrichtung ableitbar.
摘要:
An improved system for and method of precisely controlling the temperature at a predetermined location at a preselected temperature selected from a range of temperatures is described. The preferred system for carrying out the preferred method includes a mixing valve for separating a fluid stream into first and second component streams and adjustable in response to a first control signal so as to control the amount of separation of first and second component streams. The preferred system also includes a heater for heating the first component stream in response to a second control signal, a first evaporator for cooling the second component stream and a conduit for combining the heated and cooled component streams so as to provide a mixed stream to the predetermined location. The first and second control signals are provided as a function of the preselected temperature, the temperature of the heated first component stream, the temperature of the mixed stream and the temperature at said predetermined location. The system is also preferably provided with a second evaporator for recooling the mixed stream as it is recirculated if the temperature at the predetermined location does not drop below some predetermined level. The second evaporator provides partial recooling of the mixed stream when the temperature difference between the preselected temperature and the temperature at the predetermined location is below some preselected value and maximum recooling when above the preselected value so long as the temperature at the predetermined location does not drop below the predetermined level.
摘要:
By a method of reproducibly testing the resistance to wear and change in appearance as well as the soil resistance of construction units (4) in full size within the furniture field with associated environments, the construction unit (4) or parts thereof in its full construction is positioned secured on the inner side of a rotatable large drum (1) and subjected to stresses from various stress members (5) located in the drum (1). These stress members are activated by the rotation of the drum. The stress members (5) may for instance be leather balls (5) filled with water or sand and optionally provided with a facing of wearing members (15) of textile materials or another wearing material such as for instance emery cloth, whereafter the number of rotations of the drum are registered and compared with changes arising through natural use. An apparatus for the method comprises a rotatable large drum (1) supported on supporting means. The drum comprises means for accurately adjusting the number of rotations of said drum and a number of securing means (3) located along its inner circumference (9) for the securing of the construction units (4) as well as a number of stress members (5) situated within the drum (1). In this manner construction units within the furniture field with associated environments can be tested in their normally used assembled state with a construction of several various materials and in full size-
摘要:
Apparatus (12) and method for use on a measurement vehicle (10) to measure road surface profile (W) independently of variations in vehicle velocity over the road surface (18). Transducers (16, 20) are mounted on the vehicle suspended mass for measuring distance (W-Y) to the road surface and acceleration normal to the road surface as the vehicle is propelled over the road surface. A third transducer (26) is responsive to fixed increments ds of vehicle travel over the road surface. Surface profile is determined as a continuous function of the time-independent equation ds, where V is average vehicle velocity over each successive incremental distance ds. A spatial domain filter (50,50a, 50b, 50c or 50d) attenuates profile wavelength components in excess of a desired preselected maximum wavelength.
摘要翻译:用于在测量车辆(10)上用于独立于路面(18)上的车辆速度的变化来测量路面轮廓(W)的装置(12)和方法。 传感器(16,20)安装在车辆悬挂质量上,用于在路面上行驶时测量与路面的距离(W-Y)以及与路面正交的加速度。 第三传感器(26)响应于路面上的车辆行驶的固定增量ds。 表面轮廓被确定为时间无关方程的连续函数W =(W- @)+ 2INTEGRAL Y / V 2 ds ds,其中V是每个连续增量距离ds的平均车速。 空间域滤波器(50,50a,50b,50c或50d)衰减超过期望的预选最大波长的分布波长分量。