摘要:
A pipe joint comprises a pair of tubular joint members (10,11), an annular gasket (13) interposed between opposed end faces of the two joint members, and threaded means for joining the two joint members. Each of the joint members is prepared from a stainless steel having a surface with a Vickers hardness of at least 300. The gasket is prepared from a stainless steel comprising, in ratio by weight, 12.90 to 15.00% of Ni, 16.50 to 18.00% of Cr, 2.00 to 3.00% of Mo, up to 0.02% of C, up 0.30% of Si, up to 0.40% of Mn, up to 0.03% of P, up to 0.003% of S, up to 0.25% of Cu and up to 0.01% of Al, the gasket having a surface with a Vickers hardness of 90 to 160.
摘要:
A transfer apparatus having a transfer chamber for transferring an object to be processed to a processing apparatus, characterized in that an electromagnetic wave in a soft X-ray region can be irradiated to an athmospheric gas in the transfer chamber.
摘要:
A pressure type flow rate control apparatus (1) controls flow rate of a fluid in an environment where a ratio of P2/P1 between an absolute pressure P1 at an upstream side of an orifice and an absolute pressure P2 at a downstream side of the orifice is maintained at a value less than about 0.7. The apparatus comprises: a plate for forming the orifice (5); a control valve (2) positioned upstream of the orifice; an orifice corresponding valve (9) positioned downstream of the orifice (5); a primary pressure detector (3) positioned between the control valve (2) and the orifice (5); a secondary pressure detector (11) positioned downstream of the orifice (5); a calculation control device (6) for calculating flow rate Qc on the basis of the measured pressure P1 of the primary pressure detector (3) by a formula Qc = KP1 (K being a constant) and for outputting as a control signal Qy a difference between a flow rate command signal Qs and the calculated flow rate signal Qc to a drive unit (14) of the control valve 2; and a pressure comparing, calculating apparatus (10) for calculating the ratio of P2/P1 between the detected pressure P1 of the primary pressure detector (3) and the detected pressure P2 of the secondary pressure detector (11). The pressure P1 upstream of the orifice is adjusted by opening and closing the control valve by the control signal Qy, thereby controlling the flow rate downstream of the orifice.
摘要:
A valve main body is internally formed with a main channel extending from a rear end face thereof nearly to a first valve actuator, and two subchannels communicating with the main channel via second and third valve actuators, respectively. The valve main body has a slanting face extending forwardly downward and having the first valve actuator mounted thereon.
摘要:
This invention intends to provide an apparatus-cooling system high in cooling efficiency and easy in maintenance as well as a method to cool an apparatus. The invention is characterized in that an apparatus-cooling water system comprising at least a water tank (1) for storing pure water, pipings (3), (5) for outwardly introducing pure water from said water tank and returning said water to said tank, respectively, and a pump (2) for passing pure water trough said pipings is provided with means (6) for pouring ozone into said pure water.
摘要:
An excimer laser generating system includes a laser chamber (1) whose inner surface (101) is covered with a fluorine-passivated surface. Preferably, the surfaces (102,103) of a blower (23) and heat exchanger (24) disposed in the laser chamber(1) are also covered with a fluorine-passivated surface. The fluorine-passivated surface (101,102,103) may be formed of a wide variety of materials including an aluminum oxide film, a fluoride film containing aluminum fluoride and magnesium fluoride, iron fluoride, and nickel fluoride. Preferably, the excimer laser generation system includes a gas supply system having an inert gas purging system so that gas sources can be replaced without exposing the inside of gas supply pipes to atmosphere. With the above arrangement, the excimer laser generating system can generate a laser beam pulse whose energy and shape are maintained constant for a long period of operation time without encountering serious degradation. The invention also provides a high-reliability step-and-repeat exposure apparatus using the above excimer laser generating system, capable of exposing a very fine pattern.
摘要:
The invention relates to a high temperature/high pressure cleaning equipment. The invention is characterized in that a cleaning equipment having at least a compressing pump, a heating device, a nozzle, and a piping, which injects high temperature/high pressure water from the nozzle to a matter to be cleaned has a function to inject high temperature/high pressure ultra pure water from the nozzle.
摘要:
An electric conductivity measuring cell comprises a pressure container (1), serving also as an outer electrode, an inlet port (2) for a liquid to be measured, an outlet port (3), and an inner electrode (11) provided within said pressure container (1) so as to simplify construction and improve measurement accuracy.
摘要:
A method of forming an insulation film includes the steps of forming an insulation film on a substrate, and modifying a film quality of the insulation film by exposing the insulation film to atomic state oxygen O* or atomic state hydrogen nitride radicals NH* formed with plasma that uses Kr or Ar as inert gas.