摘要:
An instrument comprising a housing (30) having a fluid-tight seal and a probe (10), adapted to carry a catalyst or sorbent (37), for monitoring a process fluid stream or the behaviour of a catalyst or sorbent placed therein. The use of such an instrument permits investigation of catalyst or sorbent behaviour in process fluid streams without the need for process shut down or construction of separate process equipment.
摘要:
The present invention provides a method of testing an NO x removal catalyst, which method enables assessment of actual catalytic performance in consideration of gas flow condition in the gas conduits of the NO x removal catalyst. The method of testing a honeycomb-form NO x removal catalyst for use in a flue gas NO x removal apparatus, the catalyst having gas conduits for feeding a discharge gas from an inlet to an outlet of each conduit and performing NO x removal on the sidewalls of the conduit, wherein the method includes providing a first test piece, which is a portion of the catalyst having a length covering the entirety of a turbulent flow zone in which a gas to be treated that has been fed into the gas conduits through the inlet of the NO x removal catalyst forms a turbulent flow and further covering at least a portion of a laminar flow zone in which the turbulent flow is rectified to form a laminar flow; performing a first NO x removal test of the provided first test piece; subsequently, performing a second NO x removal test of a second test piece, which is obtained through cutting out a catalyst portion of a length covering the turbulent flow zone; and assessing, on the basis of the test results, catalytic performance of the turbulent flow zone and that of the laminar flow zone, whereby catalytic performance of the NO x removal catalyst is assessed.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a method for selecting at least one catalyst from a catalyst library on the basis of the reactivity thereof in a chemical conversion process, characterised in that it comprises at least the following steps: (e) testing the catalytic activity of a first catalyst from said catalyst library with respect to a reaction medium containing, as the compounds to be converted, at least one reactivity probe having a labelling system and including at least one reaction unit capable of reacting in said chemical conversion; (f) analysing the reaction medium after said catalytic test for the purpose of qualitatively and/or qualitatively characterising the resulting compounds; (g) repeating steps (a) and (b) for at least one other catalyst in said library; and (h) comparing the analysis results for each catalyst in order to characterise at least one catalyst having the required reactivity in said chemical conversion.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for combinatorial material development according to which method the reaction heat generated by chemical or physical processes in materials of combinatorial libraries are made visible by means of differential thermal images of an infrared camera. All types of material libraries can be used as libraries, including heterogeneous or homogeneous catalysts or enzymes.
摘要:
The invention relates to a reactor for testing a catalyst system, comprising a plurality of parallel contact tubes (2) which are arranged in the inner chamber of the reactor, the ends of said contact tubes being welded to tube bottoms. Said reactor also comprises hoods (3) at the two ends thereof, said hoods respectively defining a hood space (4). A liquid reaction medium (5) is supplied to the contact tubes (2) via a hood space (4), flowing through the contact tubes (2) and being transported away via the other hood space (4). The reactor also comprises a heat exchanging agent circuit with the heat exchanging agent (6) supply at one end of the reactor, the throughflow of the intermediate area between the contact tubes (2), and the discharge at the other of the reactor, the contact tubes (2) being arranged in at least two contact tube regions which are thermally separated from each other.
摘要:
A multicell holder (10) e.g. a honeycomb or plate, or a collection of individual support particles, is treated with solutions/suspensions of catalyst ingredients to produce a plurality of cells, spots, or pellets (12) each having a different composition. The plurality of cells, spots, or pellets are dried, calcined or treated to stabilize the ingredients and contacted with a potentially reactive feed stream or batch of reactants. The reaction occurring in each cell (12) is measured or analyzed to determine the relative efficacy of the catalysts in each combination. The measurement or analysis is done through a number of different methods including infrared thermography (14), spectroscopy of products or residual reactants or sampling for further analysis. Robotic techniques can be employed in producing the cells, spots or pellets (12).
摘要:
Gemäß diesem Verfahren sind parallel verschiedene Katalysatorproben (bei 20) vorhanden und werden diese verschiedenen Proben nacheinander nach transienten-kinetischen Methoden getestet, wobei auch eine diesbezügliche Vorrichtung beschrieben wird.
摘要:
A process is disclosed for testing material libraries, in particular catalysts, by means of coupled use of at least two analytical methods, preferably IR thermography and mass spectrometry. The rapid integrated determination of potentially 'good' materials via IR thermography prevents an excessive loss of time by needing to test all materials of a library successively with the mass spectrometer. The reactor design permits, firstly, the integral recording of the entire reactor through a window which is transparent for the corresponding method and, secondly, permits the simultaneous, automated application of a second analytical method (for example mass spectrometry) to selected materials of material library, which have been rated as active by the optical method. In the case described, the optical method provides information on the material activity for a set problem, and the second analytical method determines the selectivity of the materials.
摘要:
A multicell holder (10) e.g. a honeycomb or plate, or a collection of individual support particles, is treated with solutions/suspensions of catalyst ingredients to produce a plurality of cells, spots, or pellets (12) each having a different composition. The plurality of cells, spots, or pellets are dried, calcined or treated to stabilize the ingredients and contacted with a potentially reactive feed stream or batch of reactants. The reaction occurring in each cell (12) is measured or analyzed to determine the relative efficacy of the catalysts in each combination. The measurement or analysis is done through a number of different methods including infrared thermography (14), spectroscopy of products or residual reactants or sampling for further analysis. Robotic techniques can be employed in producing the cells, spots or pellets (12).
摘要:
This invention relates to an arrangement, equipment and method for testing heterogeneous catalysts for short contact time reactions. It is a novel application of capillary technique where capillary tubing and separation columns are used as on-line sampling probes as well as for separation of compounds. The equipment comprises a furnace which gives a broad and uniform temperature profile, a tube reactor, adapter units, gas and liquid injection valves, a gas chromatograph furnished with suitable detectors, mass-flow and temperature measurement controllers, an injector, a reactor and column head pressure adjusting valve, an on-line sampling application with capillary technique, with splitting of sample with capillary technique, simultaneous detection of pulse mode, hydrogen and compound responses.