Abstract:
Die Erfindung betrifft einen additiv hergestellten metallischen Reaktor (2) mit einem Gehäuse (4) und mindestens einer in dem Gehäuse (4) angeordneten Rohrleitung (6), wobei das Gehäuse (4) und die Rohrleitung (6) monolithisch miteinander verbunden sind, und das Gehäuse (4) mindestens einen Rohrleitungseinlass (8) und einen Rohrleitungsauslass (10) sowie mindestens einen Rohrleitungsbeschickungszugang (9) aufweist. Die Erfindung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass in einem Innenraum (13) des Gehäuses (4) zwischen einer Gehäuseinnenwand (16) und einer Außenwand (12) der Rohrleitung (6) ein mit beiden Wänden monolithisch in Verbindung stehendes Stützgitter (18) angeordnet ist.
Abstract:
A reformer tube (208A, 208B, 308A, 308B) for a steam reformer is provided. The reformer tube includes a pressure-bearing cylindrical jacket tube (210A, 210B, 310A, 310B) arranged to contain a catalyst (220A, 220B, 320A, 320B), an inlet end of the jacket tube connectable to a reactant feed line (204A, 204B, 304A, 304B), the reactant feed line connectable to a reactant feed system (202A, 202B, 302), an outlet end of the jacket tube connectable to a product discharge line (216A, 216B, 316A, 316B), and the product discharge line connectable to a product gas manifold (218, 318). The jacket tube is supported in the direction of its longitudinal axis by means of a fixed-floating bearing arrangement to allow thermal expansion of the jacket tube in longitudinal direction. The fixed bearing (214A, 214B, 314A, 314B) is located at the outlet end of the outer jacket tube and the floating bearing (206A, 206B, 306A, 306B) is located at the inlet end of the outer jacket tube.
Abstract:
Low-energy, low-capital hydrogen production is disclosed. A reforming exchanger 14 is placed in parallel with an autothermal reformer (ATR) 10 to which are supplied a preheated steam-hydrocarbon mixture. An air-steam mixture is supplied to the burner/mixer of the ATR 10 to obtain a syngas effluent at 650°-1050° C. The effluent from the ATR is used to heat the reforming exchanger, and combined reformer effluent is shift converted and separated into a mixed gas stream and a hydrogen-rich product stream. High capital cost equipment such as steam-methane reformer and air separation plant are not required.
Abstract:
Tube-bundle heat exchange unit (1) for internals of heat exchangers or reactors, comprising: at least one tube bundle (2); a plurality of baffles (3) associated with said tube bundle and defining through-openings according to a predefined arrangement, each opening being passed through by one of more tubes of the tube bundle, and a shell (6) which surrounds said tube bundle and said baffles, said shell (6) being structurally fixed to said baffles (3); also described are a method for assembling said heat exchange unit, a heat exchanger or chemical reactor containing said units, and a method for modernizing intercooled, catalytic, multi-bed reactors, in which an inter-bed exchanger is replaced by said units.
Abstract:
A reactor having a shell comprising: one or more reactor tubes located within the shell, said reactor tube or tubes comprising a plurality of catalyst receptacles containing catalyst; means for providing a heat transfer fluid to the reactor shell such that the heat transfer fluid contacts the tube or tubes; an inlet for providing reactants to the reactor tubes; and an outlet for recovering products from the reactor tubes; wherein the plurality of catalyst receptacles containing catalyst within a tube comprises catalyst receptacles containing catalyst of at least two configurations.
Abstract:
Embodiments of the present invention generally relate to temperature control of a reactor using probability distribution of temperature measurements. In one embodiment, a method of controlling a temperature of a chemical reaction includes injecting a reactant stream into a reactor and through a catalyst bed of the reactor. The reactant stream includes a hydrocarbon and oxygen. Injection of the reactant stream into the catalyst bed causes an exothermic chemical reaction. The method further includes circulating a coolant through the reactor, thereby removing heat from the catalyst bed. The method further includes measuring temperature at a plurality of locations in the catalyst bed. The method further includes calculating a fraction of the catalyst bed greater than a predetermined maximum temperature limit using a probability distribution generated using the temperature measurements.
Abstract:
An on-line gas chromatography system for a fixed-bed continuous flow reactor and a method for on-line gas analysis of a catalytic reaction using the gas chromatography system. A reactor flow loop, a gas chromatogram, and a hydrostatic regulator are present in the gas chromatography system, wherein the reactor flow loop contains a fixed-bed reactor, a purge gas source, a feed gas source, and a by-pass line for reaction calibration.